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Pathology I Final > Chapter 10- Part IV > Flashcards

Chapter 10- Part IV Flashcards

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1
Q

_________ disease is where there is hypertrophy to meet increased cardiac demands

a. hypertensive heart disease
b. systemic hypertensive heart disease
c. pulmonary hypertensive heart disease

A

hypertensive heart (disease)

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2
Q

What is the PATHOLOGIC type of HYPERTENSIVE HEART DISEASE called?

A

concentric hypertrophy

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3
Q

During HYPERTENSIVE HEART DISEASE, ventricular DILATION is possible in the proximal _________

A

atrium

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4
Q

Hypertensive heart disease will eventually lead to the loss of contractility. This is called ___________

A

cardiac decompensation

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5
Q

_________ is most commonly asymptomatic and therefore is known as the “SILENT KILLER”

a. hypertensive heart disease
b. systemic hypertensive heart disease
c. pulmonary hypertensive heart disease

A

SYSTEMIC hypertensive heart disease

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6
Q

SYSTEMIC hypertensive heart disease _________ (side) VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY

A

left

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7
Q

_____________ can lead to congestive heart failure, arrhythmia, stroke (brain), and renovascular (kidney) hypertension

a. hypertensive heart disease
b. systemic hypertensive heart disease
c. pulmonary hypertensive heart disease

A

systemic hypertensive heart disease

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8
Q

Lung disorders that cause RIGHT-SIDED heart failure are characteristic of

a. hypertensive heart disease
b. systemic hypertensive heart disease
c. pulmonary hypertensive heart disease

A

pulmonary hypertensive heart disease

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9
Q

RIGHT-sided heart failure is called _________

A

cor pulmonale

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10
Q

_______ pulmonary hypertensive heart disease is characterized by a LARGE PULMONARY EMBOLISM of >50% occlusion

a. acute
b. chronic

A

acute

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11
Q

_______ pulmonary hypertensive heart disease is characterized by PROLONGED COPD or PULMONARY FIBROSIS and can lead to RIGHT-SIDED HYPERTROPHY

a. acute
b. chronic

A

chronic

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12
Q

_______ is narrowing, or FAILURE TO COMPLETELY OPEN during valvular heart disease

A

stenosis

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13
Q

_________ is the FAILURE TO COMPLETELY CLOSE during valvular heart disease and is also known as REGURGITATION or incompetence

A

insufficiency

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14
Q

STENOSIS (failure to completely open) is MOST COMMONLY chronic and located in the __________ valve

A

mitral (valve)

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15
Q

A _______ is turbulent flow through a disease valve

A

murmur

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16
Q

A _______ is turbulence that leads to a palpable vibration of the heart

A

thrill

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17
Q

People with VALVULAR HEART DISEASE can be born with a __________ aortic valve

A

bicuspid

it is usually tricuspid

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18
Q

___________ is the MOST COMMON cause of AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS

A

calcific aortic stenosis

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19
Q

__________ is the MOST common DEGENERATIVE VALVULAR DISEASE

A

aortic valve stenosis

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20
Q

What is the average age of diagnosis for people with CALCIFIC AORTIC STENOSIS?

A

60-80 years

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21
Q

In calcific aortic stenosis, _________ is rare

22
Q

Fusion of the _______ valves is COMMON

Study These Flashcards
A

rheumatic (valves)

23
Q

Which TWO diseases are caused by group A-B-hemolytic streptococcal?

Study These Flashcards
A

rheumatic valvular disease

scarlet fever

24
Q

RHEUMATIC FEVER will be present in ______% of untreated patients with Group A-B-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis and occurs ______ weeks post-infection

25
________ is most common in CHILDREN with rheumatic fever a. carditis b. migratory polyarthritis
carditis
26
_________ is most common in ADULTS with rheumatic fever a. carditis b. migratory polyarthritis
migratory polyarthritis
27
Sydenham's chorea (St. Vitus dance) is a characteristic of ____________ disease
rheumatic valve disease (rheumatic fever)
28
Rheumatic valvular disease is most communal caused by a __________ valve deformation (stenosis)
mitral (valve) deformation
29
Aschoff bodies which cause chronic fibrosis are characteristic of __________
ACUTE rheumatic disease
30
SCARLET FEVER is a reaction to erythrogenic _________ and is present ________ days
toxins | 1-4 days
31
A PINK PUNCTATE SKIN RASH (DOTS), producing a SAND-PAPER-like texture, is the hallmark of what disease?
scarlet fever
32
Pyrexia, nausea, vomiting and a BRIGHT RED TONGUE are characteristic of ___________
scarlet fever
33
SCARLET FEVER may transition into __________
rheumatoid fever
34
CIRCUMORAL PALLOR (around the cheeks) is a characteristic of __________
scarlet fever
35
__________ is an infection in the HEART CHAMBERS OR VALVES
infective endocarditis
36
Infective endocarditis often presents with _________ symptoms including pyrexia, chill, fatigue, weight loss, and murmur
flu-like
37
_________ are used in 10-20% of causes involving infective endocarditis
prosthetic heart valves
38
_______ infective endocarditis is DEESTRUCTIVE, VIRULENT, and DIFFICULT TO TREAT a. acute b. subacute
acute
39
________ infective endocarditis is LOW VIRULENCE, and EASY TO TREAT a. acute b. subacute
subacute
40
ACUTE infective endocarditis involves a previously _________ valve
normal
41
SUBACUTE endocarditis involves a previously _________ valve
abnormal (tissue)
42
_______ infective endocarditis is caused by Staphylococcus aureus
acute
43
________ infective endocarditic is caused my Streptococcus viridans
subacute
44
Which TWO valves are the MOST COMMON locations for infective endocarditis?
aortic valves | mitral valves
45
What are TWO possible treatments for infective endocarditis?
long term antibiotics | valve replacement
46
Prognosis for infective endocarditis is WORSE if ______ valves are involved
prosthetic
47
Which type of prosthetic valve is MOST common and involved CONTINUED anti-coagulation? a. mechanical b. bio-prosthetic
mechanical
48
Which type of prosthetic is donated from another animal and involved NO ANTI-COAGULATION? a. mechanical b. bio-prosthetic
bio-prosthetic
49
Cardiomyopathy is a PRIMARY disorder of _______
myocardium
50
Cardiomyopathy develops SECONDARY to a _________
systemic disorder

Pathology I Final (6 decks)

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