Chapter 10 - Projectile & Satellite Motion Flashcards
What is a Projectile?
A projectile is an object that moves through the air/space by its own inertia and acted upon only by gravity.
How are the horizontal & vertical components of velocity related to each other?
The horizontal and vertical components are INDEPENDENT of each other. Their combined effects produce the trajectories of projectiles.
How long does it take to fall 5m vertically?
It takes 1 second to fall 5 meters.
What is the max range (in degrees) for heavy projectiles thrown by humans?
The range is < 34 degrees.
When does a ball’s minimum speed occur?
A ball’s minimum speed occurs at the top of its trajectory.
What is a Satellite?
A satellite is a projectile that is moving fast enough to orbit its celestial body.
A higher orbit means ___ speed, a ___ path, & a ___ period.
A higher orbit means less speed, a longer path, & a longer period.
At 150 km above the Earth’s surface, what are you out of reach of?
Air resistance and Earth’s atmosphere.
What is an Ellipse? Can it be circular?
An ellipse is an oval path when a projectile is just above the resistance of the atmosphere and given a horizontal speed.
Yes, it can be circular in special cases.
Will speed stay constant or change while in elliptical orbit?
Speed will change while in elliptical orbit.
What is Keepler’s First Law?
The path of each planet around the Sun is an ellipse with the sun at one focus. Planets will move faster when they are closer to the Sun and move slower when they are further.
What is Keepler’s Second Law?
The line from the Sun to any planet sweeps on equal areas of space in equal time intervals.
What is Keepler’s Third Law?
The square of the orbital period of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of the distance from the planet to the Sun.
When does a satellite have KE and PE while in orbit?
EVERYWHERE! A satellite has KE and PE everywhere in its orbit and the sum will always remain constant.
While a satellite is in circular orbit, which of these change?: KE, PE, & Speed.
None! They all remain unchanged.
