Chapter 22 - Electrostatics

Question 1

What are the rules of Electrical Forces?

Answer 1

Like charges repel & unlike charges attract.

Question 2

What are Protons?

Answer 2

Protons have a positive net charge.

Question 3

What are Electrons?

Answer 3

Electrons have a negative net charge.

Question 4

How are Protons and Electrons related?

Answer 4

Protons/Electrons are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign (+/-).

Question 5

Is the nucleus of an atom positive or negative? What surrounds the nucleus?

Answer 5

The nucleus is positive! Electrons (-) surround the nucleus.

Question 6

What is the law of Conservation of Charge?

Answer 6

Electrons are never created nor destroyed, only transferred.

Question 7

Are Protons or Electrons transferred? Or both?

Answer 7

Only electrons are transferred!

Question 8

What is an Ion?

Answer 8

An ion is a charged atom.

Question 9

What is Coulomb’s Law?

Answer 9

Coulomb’s Law states that electrical force DECREASES as the square of the distance between charged bodies INCREASES.
Ex.) F = 1/9 when distance is x3

(Think inverse-square law!)

Question 10

What is the equation for Coulomb’s Law?

Answer 10

F =k(q1 x q2)/r^2

Question 11

What value is “k” in Coulomb’s Law?

Answer 11

9.0 x 10^9 * Nm^2/C^2

Question 12

What are Coulombs? (C)

Answer 12

Coulomb is the unit used for electrical charge.

Question 13

What is a Conductor?

Answer 13

A conductor is a material that electric charge can flow through.

Question 14

Are metals conductors or insulators?

Answer 14

Metals are conductors!

Question 15

Are most plastics conductors or insulators?

Answer 15

Many plastics are good insulators!

Question 16

What is a Semiconductor?

Answer 16

A semiconductor is a material that can be made to behave as either an insulator or a conductor at a given time.

Question 17

When do semiconductors act as conductors?

Answer 17

When light of the proper color shines on it.

Question 18

What is a Transistor?

Answer 18

Transistors use electrical signals to control others.

Question 19

What is a Superconductor?

Answer 19

A superconductor is a material that has ZERO resistance to the flow of charge.

Question 20

What is Charging by Contact?

Answer 20

Charging by contact is when electrons are transferred through simple touching/rubbing.

Question 21

What is Charging by Induction?

Answer 21

Charging by induction is when electrons are transferred by the influence of a charged object near by. (NOT physically touching).

Question 22

What is transferred through friction?

Answer 22

Electrons! This is a physical form of charging.

Question 23

What does it mean when something is Electrically Polarized?

Answer 23

When something is electrically polarized, one side is slightly more positive or negative than the other. The sides are uneven.

Question 24

What is an Electric Field?

Answer 24

An electric field is an energetic area that extends through space (just like gravitational fields!)

Question 25

What is the equation for an Electric Field?

Answer 25

E = F/q

Question 26

What material can completed shield an electric field?

Answer 26

Metals!

Question 27

What is Electric Potential Energy?

Answer 27

Electric potential energy is the energy a charge has because of its location in an electric field.

Question 28

What is interchangeable with Electric Potential?

Answer 28

Volts (Voltage).

Question 29

How do you find Voltage?

Answer 29

Electric Potential Energy (J)/Charge (C)

Question 30

A high voltage will have a ____ net charge.

Answer 30

A SMALL net charge!

Question 31

What is a Capacitor?

Answer 31

A capacitor is a device used to store charge/electric energy.

Question 32

What is the net charge of a Charged Capacitor?

Answer 32

A charged capacitor has a net charge of 0.