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Medical Terminology > Chapter 10 Test Review > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Test Review Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

Conjunctiva

A

Clear, colorless mucous membrane surrounding the eyelids.

Covers anterior portion of eye

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2
Q

Sclera

A

fibrous outer layer
Maintains shape
Protects delicate inner layers

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3
Q

Cornea

A

transparent anterior portion
provides optical power to eye
Kerat/o

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4
Q

Iris

A

colored layer surrounding pupil

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5
Q

Pupil

A

black opening in the center of iris

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6
Q

Lens

A

curved, flexible structure that focuses images on the retina

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7
Q

Choroid

A

blood-rich nourishing layer that lies under the posterior sclera

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8
Q

Ciliary Body

A

encapsulates and holds lens in place

Adjusts the shape of lens

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9
Q

Anterior Chamber

A

contains watery fluid called aqueous humor. Aqueous humor gives eye its shape, cleanses and nourishes eye.

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10
Q

Posterior Chamber

A

filled with clear gel-like substance called vitreous humor to keep retina in place.

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11
Q

Retina

A

thin layer of tissue that lines posterior of eye internally.
Located between choroid and posterior chamber.

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12
Q

Photoreceptors

A

specialized light-sensitive cells that receive images and convert

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13
Q

Rods

A

see black, white and gray

peripheral vision

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14
Q

Cones

A

color receptors

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15
Q

Optic nerve

A

2nd cranial nerve

Generates nerve impulses, and transmits them from retina to brain

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16
Q

Optic Disc

A

blind spot

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17
Q

Fovea Centralis

A

area of greatest visual acuity

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18
Q

Macula

A

area near the retina that contains specialized high density cones for high acuity vision

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19
Q

Lacrimal glands

A

secrete tears

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20
Q

Ciliary GLands

A

tiny sweat glands in the upper and lower margins of eyelids

secret protective lubricant onto the eyeball

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21
Q

Lacrimal Canaliculi

A

ducts at the inner corner of each eye collect tears and drain them into the lacrimal sac

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22
Q

Lacrimal sac

A

tear sac

dacryocyst

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23
Q

Lacrimal duct-passageway

A

drains fluid into nose

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24
Q

Eyelid

A

protects eye

Blephar/o

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25
Canthus
where upper and lower eyelids meet
26
Inner canthus
where lids meet nearest the nose
27
Epicanthus
vertical fold of skin on sides of nose
28
Major areas of Ear
Outer, MIddle and Inner
29
Outer Ear
hearing
30
Middle Ear
tympanic cavity, small air | filled cavity in temporal bone
31
Inner Ear
euilibrium
32
Auricle
pinna
33
External Auditory Canal (EAC)
directs sound to ear canal
34
Cerumen
traps debris
35
Tympanic Membrane
eardrum
36
Malleus
mallet
37
Incus
anvil
38
Stapes
stirrup
39
Eustachian Tubes
connects Tympanic cavity to pharynx | closed except during swallow
40
Labyrinth
controls balance and quilibrium
41
Oval Window
Connects middle to inner
42
Cohlea
sound travels through fluids located inside this snail structure
43
Semicircular Canals
transmit body balance and position
44
Vestibulocochlear Nerve
responsible for transmitting information about balance and hearing
45
Olfactory Receptor Cells
roof of each nasal cavity
46
Olfactory hairs
stimulated by odor
47
Papillae
contains taste buds
48
tastebuds
sensitive structures that distinguish taste
49
Gustatory Sense
5 tastes | sweet, salty, sour, bitter and umami
50
Cones
help the retina see color
51
Rods
Help the retina see in dim lighting, black and white
52
Cataract
Lens clouding up which results in decreased visual acuity. Caused by excessive protein in lens.
53
Glaucome
Press in eye causes damage to retina and optic nerve eventually leading to blindness.
54
Nystagmus
involuntary movement of one or both eyes resulting in limited visual acuity
55
Astigmatism
Defective curvature of cornea producing blurry vision | present in nearsightedness or farsightedness
56
Hyperopia
farsightedness
57
Myopia
nearsightedness
58
Presbyopia
Hyperopia caused by age
59
Retinal detachment
Emergency condition where retina separates from layer of supporting blood vessels. Symptoms are small specks or hair like strands, flashy lights and shadow that gradually obscures vision.
60
Strabismus
misalignment of eyes, cross eyes
61
Vitreous floaters
squiggly hair like lines in field of vision due to shrinkage and detachment of collagen fibers in vitreous humor. Excessive floaters can signal retinal detachment and vision loss.
62
Conductive Deafness
hearing impairment resulting from inadequate sound-wave conduction form outerear to ossicles of middle ear
63
Nerve Deafness
deafness from damaged cochlea or auditory nerve | hearing loss
64
Impacted cerumen
accumulation of earwax in ear
65
Menieres disease
disorder of labyrinth in inner ear causing vertigo / spinning sensation
66
Otitis media
inflammation of middle ear
67
Otosclerosis
hardening of the bony tissue of the middle ear
68
Tinnitus
sensation of noises in ear when no sound is present
69
Vertigo
spinning sensation from inner-ear disorder or condition
70
Ishihara Color Vision Test
Test for color blindness
71
Visual Acuity Test
Assessment of visual clarity using a chart to detect myopia and hyperopia
72
LASIK (Laser in situ keratotomy)
Using ultraviolet laser to correct refraction errors
73
Cochlear Implant
Electronic device surgically implanted in inner ear to restore hearing
74
Myringotomy
surgical incision of eardrum to drain fluid and relieve pressure

Medical Terminology (8 decks)

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