chapter 11 Flashcards
(18 cards)
What are the assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases?
- The size of a particle is negligibly small.
- The collision of one particle with another (or with the walls of its container) is completely elastic.
- Gas molecules do not exert attractive or repulsive forces on one another.
What is the formula for calculating root mean square velocity (Urms)?
Urms = √(3RT/M)
Where R = 8.314 J/(mol·K) and M = molar mass.
What is gas diffusion?
Gas diffusion is the gradual mixing of molecules of one gas with molecules of another by virtue of their kinetic properties.
What is gas effusion?
Gas effusion is the process by which gas under pressure escapes from one compartment of a container to another by passing through a small opening.
How is the rate of diffusion related to molar mass?
rateA / rateB = √(MB / MA)
Where rateA and rateB are the rates of diffusion and MA and MB are the molar masses.
What is the SI unit of pressure?
The SI unit of pressure is pascal (Pa).
What does Boyle’s Law state about pressure and volume?
According to Boyle’s Law, pressure and volume are inversely related.
What is the formula for Boyle’s Law?
The formula is P1V1 = P2V2 at constant temperature and moles of gas.
What does Charles’s Law state about volume and temperature?
According to Charles’s Law, volume and temperature (in K) are directly related.
What is the formula for Charles’s Law?
The formula is V1/T1 = V2/T2 at constant pressure and moles of gas.
What does Avogadro’s Law state?
Volume and moles of gas are directly related.
What is the formula for Avogadro’s Law at constant pressure and temperature
V1 /n1=V2/n2
What is the ideal gas law equation?
PV = nRT
What is the ideal gas constant (R)?
R = 0.08206 atm·L/(mol·K)
How can Boyle’s law, Charles’s law, and Avogadro’s law be derived?
They can all be determined from the ideal gas equation.
What is the rearranged ideal gas equation for density?
d = PM / RT
What formula is used to find the molar mass?
M = mass/n(moles)
What is Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures?
P total = PA + PB + PC + … (V and T are constant)
