Chapter 11 Flashcards
In-depth interviewing and focus group (40 cards)
what is the goal of in-depth interviewing?
- capture as much detail as possible in terms of interviewee’s experiences, understandings, thoughts, feelings and beliefs
- ask open-ended questions
what are the objectives of an in-depth interview?
- in-depth information
- language of respondents (understand them)
- get complete sense of respondents background, attitudes, behaviours, social world
- good for generating hypothesis
why are in-depth interviews good for generating hypothesis?
taking information helps narrowing and building hypothesis on particular topics
what is the trade-off of this qualitative research method?
- info makes it hard to have large sample
- less external validity, higher internal validity
- smaller and nonprobability
what type of research method is interviews?
qualitative
types of interviews
structured
semi-structured
unstructured
what is a structured interview?
survey
close-ended
what is a semi-structured interview and what does it have?
interview schedule
can start with open-ended questions but if they don’t answer the question you need then ask a follow-up question
what is an unstructured interview?
no preset questions, list of general topics
an in-depth interview can be longitudinal by using…
- panel/ prospective design
- life-history interview
to conduct a panel/ prospective design in interviewing, you need to _____ but a set back is _______
set up goal, let subject know how many times you will ask them
set-back: waiting that long might mean whatever you plan for becomes irrelevant
life-history interviews are the opposite of a ______, and is a ________ design. A problem is _____
panel
retrospective (past)
problem: memory, mix-ups, sequencing problems (can use events to help)
how to test validity
- reflexivity (design impacts answers)
- qualitative is impossible to measure, but you can give evidence to how it may affect answers
- interviewer may affect responses (assistants, race, age, gender)
how to test for reliability?
same results be produced overtime
interviews tend to have low reliability (non-representative samples leads to selection bias)
(stronger social desirability bias/ interview effect)
why do you use field notes?
uncover motivations for specific behaviour
how do you conduct in-depth interviews?
- research question
- target population, sample and sampling strategies
- writing & pretesting the interview schedule
- conduct interview
5,6,7. After interview
what sampling strategies do you use for this and who do you interview?
- purposive sampling
- sampling for range (subgroups)
- mixed-methods
- snowball
- panel
- interview informants and respondents
what are the problems for using interview informants?
- fit for purpose (questions that suit experts more than respondents)
- access (time, capacity, willingness)
- in terms of ethics, protect confidentiality
- when talking to experts be more lenient due to their job
using mixed-methods samples
connect open-ended interview questions with survey findings
using snowball sampling and when is it over?
advantage: trust, access to hidden population
problem: actual distribution of people in population, representativeness
saturation ends it
what is the normal number if interviews and how many in each subgroup?
normally 30-35 interviews, 10-15 in each subgroup
what is the maximum number of interviews and how do you justify it?
150
justify research based on saturation, budget, timeline
when writing and pretesting the interview schedule what do you use and how?
- interview guide/ schedule, includes sub-topics and follow up questions
- how: list topics, arrange questions by topics
- sequence
- edit questions
- consider probes
what is the sequence for interviews?
start with broad scope and easy topics before going into more specific scopes and sensitive topics
