Chapter 11

Question 1

sex differences

Answer 1

differences between males and females usually refer to differences in the biological characteristics that define them

Question 2

gender differences

Answer 2

refers to the socially and culturally constructed definitions of what it means to be female and male
-these meanings then shape norms and expectations for appropriate behavior for males and females in society

Question 3

gender

Answer 3

learned through the socialization process and thus is an achieved status
-important factor in shaping people’s self-images and social identities

Question 4

gender inequality

Answer 4

occurs when social institutions value the behaviors, expectations and qualities associated with traditionally male characteristics more highly than those associated with female characteristics

Question 5

gender segregation

Answer 5

refers to the fact that women mostly work in jobs where most of the other workers are also women-these jobs are more likely to be lower paid and less prestigious

Question 6

patriarchal ideology

Answer 6

the belief that men are superior to women and should control all important aspects of society

Question 7

instrumental role

Answer 7

behaviors that focus on the accomplishment of specific tasks for a group rather than on personal feelings

Question 8

expressive role

Answer 8

behaviors that focus on feelings and relationships among members of a group

Question 9

gender-role socialization

Answer 9

the process of acquiring and internalizing the ideas and behaviors deemed appropriate for males and females by their society