Chapter 11 - Chemical Evidence

Question 1

Analytical Chemisty

Answer 1

Branch of chemisty that deals with the seperation, purification, identification, quantification of substances

Question 2

Anion

Answer 2

A negitivley charged ion

Question 3

Atom

Answer 3

The smallest particle of an element that can exist and still retain its identity as an element.

Question 4

Atomic Mass

Weight

Answer 4

• Mass of an atom that’s expressed in the standard unit of atomic mass units (amu)
• Equal to the # of protons and neutrons in the atom

Question 5

AMU

Answer 5

Unit of mass that weighs 1/12th the mass of a carbon atom containing 6 protons and 6 neutrons

atomic mass unit

Question 6

Atomic number

Answer 6

The # of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 7

Cation

Answer 7

A positivley charged ion

Question 8

Chemical analysis

Answer 8

The study of the chemical composition and structure of substances

Question 9

Chemical Equation

Answer 9

Repsentation of a reaction showing the reactants combined to form the products

Question 10

Chemical Property

Answer 10

Characteristic of a substance that can be observed in a chemical reaction

Question 11

Chromatography

Answer 11

Process for separating components of a mixture

Question 12

Concentration

Answer 12

• Amount of solute dissolved in a quantity of solvent
• Given in moles of solute in 1 liter of solution (molarity)

Question 13

Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 13

Matter cannont be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction

Question 14

Density

Answer 14

The mass of a substance per unit volume

Question 15

Detection Limit

Answer 15

The smallest amount of substance that can determine the composition of a substance

Question 16

Electron

Answer 16

• Small, stable particles
• Are negatively charged
• Equal and opposite to the + charge on protons

Question 17

Element

Answer 17

Substance that cannot be broken down into smaller parts/changed into another substance

Question 18

Empirical Formula

Answer 18

Chemical formula of a compound that gives the proportions (ratios) of the elements present

Question 19

Heterogenous Mixture

Answer 19

• Composed of 2 or more substances
• Visually distinct components

Question 20

Homogenous Mixture

Answer 20

• Composed of 2 or more substances
• Appears uniform throughout

Question 21

Indicator

Answer 21

Monitors changes of properties (color, conductivity) in a reaction

Question 22

Instrumental Analysis

Answer 22

Deals with using complex, specific instruments to measure/ analyze the physical properties of samples

Question 23

Interference

Answer 23

Substance that obstructs/interferes with the chemical analysis of another substance in a mixture

Question 24

Ion

Answer 24

A charged particle or molecule

Question 25

Isomers

Answer 25

Different compounds with the same molecular formula

Question 26

Isotope

Answer 26

Members of a family of an element that all have the same # of protons but different #s of neutrons

Question 27

Liquid

Answer 27

Substance that has no definite shape but a fixed volume

Question 28

Molecular Formula

Answer 28

Gives the total # of atoms of each element present in a molecule

Question 29

Molecular Weight

Answer 29

- Mass of a molecule that is expressed in AMU - Sum of the individual weights of atoms that make up the molecule

Question 30

Neutron

Answer 30

- Particle with no charge - Has the same mass as a proton

Question 31

Reactant

Answer 31

- Substance that reacts during a reaction - Eventually changed into a different substance

Question 32

Periodic Table

Answer 32

- Table of the known chemical elements - Arranged by increasing atomic #s - Elements with similar chemical properties are arranged in vertical rows

Question 33

Physical Properties

Answer 33

- Property used to characterize a substance without a chemical reaction - Boiling point, density

Question 34

Product

Answer 34

Substance that is the result of the reactants (reaction)

Question 35

Proton

Answer 35

- Particle with about the same mass as a neutron - Has a positive electrical charge equal and opposite to an electron

Question 36

Quantitative Analysis

Answer 36

Measurement of the amounts of the components in a substance

Question 37

Qualitative Analysis

Answer 37

Determination of the identities of the components in a substance

Question 38

Retention Factor (Rf)

Answer 38

Rf value is the ratio of the distance traveled by the substance to the distance traveled by the solvent front

Question 39

Solid

Answer 39

Substance that has a definite shape and fixed volume

Question 40

Solubility

Answer 40

Degree to which a solute (solid) will dissolve in a solvent

Question 41

Solute

Answer 41

Substance dissolved in a solvent

Question 42

Solvent

Answer 42

The liquid that is used to dissolve a solute