Chapter 11- Eye Flashcards
(52 cards)
What should you generally do when using more that one eye treatment
Wait 5 minutes between them
Generally wait a little longer for gels and suspensions
Ointments applied after drops
What’s used to flush the eye out?
Sodium chloride or water
What’s the treatment of choice for most eye infections
Chlorphenicol
A broad spectrum antibiotic
What can be given for the eye inflammation or following surgery
Corticosteroids
Topical antihistamines for allergies
Diclofenac
What does contact lenses increase the risk of
Infection and keratitis
Daily lenses are safer
What drugs can affect the use of contact lenses
Oral contraceptives can make contacts uncomfortable
Antihistamines and benzos reduce the rate of blinking
Antimuscarinics dry the eyes
Isit retinoids can cause inflammation
Aspirin can accumulate in lenses
Rifampicin and sulfazaline can discolour contact lenses
How are eye drops applied
Pulling down the lower eyelid, adding the drops and then keeping it closed for as long as possible
What should the eye drop volume generally be?
<1ml
When should an eye drop be discarded after opening
Generally 4 weeks got home use
1 week hospital ward use
What’s given for corneal ulcer and how’s it given
Ciprofloxacin
Every 15 minutes for 6 hours then every 30 minutes
From what age can chlorphemicol be sold to the public
> 2
What’s the side effects of steroid eye drops
May aggravate the condition leading to corneal ulceration
Steroid glaucoma
Steroid cataract
What antihistamines can be used for allergic conjunctivitis and from what age can they be sold OTC
Azelastine (aller-eze)
Antazoline (otrivine)
Levocabastine (livostin)
> 12 years old
What’s the dose for antibacterial eye drops
Every 2 hours then reduce request as the infection if controlled and continue 48hours after healing
What’s the dose for antibacterial ointment
Use at night of using other drops
If not 3-4 times daily
What preservative is commonly used in eye drops and what can it cause
Benzalkonium chloride
Stinging and irritation
What can be used for dry eyes and how often is it applied?
Hypermellose- applied hourly
Carmellose- applied four times a day
What can be used to reduce redness of the eyes and how does it work
Xylometazoline, naphazoline
Vasoconstrictor
What’s used for viral conjunctivitis
Aciclovir 5 times a day until 3 days after healing
What’s used for blephritis
Fusidic acid cream
What is glaucoma
Raised intra ocular pressure
Treatment for glaucoma
First line:
Beta blocker drops (contraindicated in asthma)
Prostaglandin eye drops (latanoprost)
Second line:
Sympathomimetic eye drops
Diuretic eye drops (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
Closed angle glaucoma is a medical emergency, what’s are the signs
Cloudy eye Nausea and vomiting Headache Intense eye pain Blurred hazy vision Sight loss Rainbow coloured rings around light
Can you wear contacts and use eye drops
Hard lenses yes
Soft lenses remove contacts before eye drop use
