Chapter 11 Ladders

Question 1

A self-supporting, turntable-mounted, power-operated ladder of two or more sections permanently attached to a self-propelled automotive fire apparatus and designed to provide a continuous egress route from an elevated position to the ground.

Answer 1

Aerial ladder

Question 2

A ladder equipped with tormentor poles, or staypoles, that stabilize the ladder during raising and lowering operations.

Answer 2

Bangor ladder

Question 3

The lowest or widest section of an extension ladder.

Answer 3

Base (bed) section

Question 4

The main structural side of a ground ladder.

Answer 4

Beam

Question 5

A ladder raise used to raise a ladder perpendicular to a building.

Answer 5

Beam raise

Question 6

The end of the beam that is placed on the ground, or other lower support surface, when ground ladders are in the raised position.

Answer 6

Butt

Question 7

An alternative to a simple butt spur; a swiveling plate with both a spur and a cleat or pad that is attached to the butt of the ladder.

Answer 7

Butt plate

Question 8

That component of ground ladder support that remains in contact with the lower support surface to reduce slippage.

Answer 8

Butt spurs

Question 9

The basic operating motor vehicle, including the engine, frame, and other essential structural and mechanical parts, but exclusive of the body and all appurtenances for the accommodation of driver, property, passengers, appliances, or equipment related to other than control. Common usage might, but need not, include a cab (or cowl).

Answer 9

Chassis

Question 10

A non-self-supporting ground ladder that consists of two or more sections traveling in guides, brackets, or the equivalent arranged so as to allow length adjustment.

Answer 10

Combination ladder

Question 11

Any portable ladder specifically designed for fire department use in rescue, firefighting operations, or training.

Answer 11

Fire department ground ladder

Question 12

A ladder raise used to position a ladder parallel to a building. Also called a rung raise.

Answer 12

Flat raise (rung raise)

Question 13

Any section of an aerial telescoping device beyond the base section. This definition applies to aerial ladder devices and ground ladders.

Answer 13

Fly section

Question 14

A single-section ladder with rungs that can be folded or moved to allow the beams to be brought into a position touching or nearly touching each other.

Answer 14

Folding ladder

Question 15

Strips of metal or wood that serve to guide a fly section during extension. Channels or slots in the bed or fly section may also serve as guides.

Answer 15

Guides

Question 16

Rope used on extension ladders for the purpose of raising a fly section(s).

Answer 16

Halyard

Question 17

A label that changes color at a preset temperature to indicate a specific heat exposure.

Answer 17

Heat sensor label

Question 18

A ladder beam constructed of one continuous piece of I-shaped metal or fiberglass to which the rungs are attached.

Answer 18

I-beam

Question 19

An A-shaped structure formed with two ladder sections. It can be used as a makeshift lift when raising a trapped person. Sometimes referred to as an A-frame hoist.

Answer 19

Ladder A-frame

Question 20

A compliant equipment item that is intended for use as a positioning device for a person on a ladder.

Answer 20

Ladder belt

Question 21

Devices attached to a fly section(s) to engage ladder rungs near the beams of the section below for the purpose of anchoring the fly section(s). Also called locks or dogs.

Answer 21

Pawls

Question 22

Reinforcing material placed on a ladder at chafing and contact points to prevent damage from friction and contact with other surfaces.

Answer 22

Protection plates

Question 23

A device with a free-turning, grooved metal wheel (sheave) used to reduce rope friction. Side plates are available for a carabiner to be attached.

Answer 23

Pulley

Question 24

The top or bottom piece of a trussed beam assembly used in the construction of a trussed ladder. Also, the top and bottom surfaces of an I-beam ladder. Each beam has two rails.

Answer 24

Rail

Question 25

The spring-loaded, retractable, curved metal pieces that allow the tip of a roof ladder to be secured to the peak of a pitched roof. The hooks fold outward from each beam at the top of a roof ladder.

Answer 25

Roof hooks

Question 26

A single ladder equipped with hooks at the top end of the ladder.

Answer 26

Roof ladder

Question 27

The ladder crosspieces, on which a person steps while ascending or descending.

Answer 27

Rung

Question 28

A ladder beam constructed of a solid rectangular piece of material (typically wood), to which the ladder rungs are attached.

Answer 28

Solid beam

Question 29

Poles attached to each beam of the base section of extension ladders, which assist in raising the ladder and help provide stability of the raised ladder.

Answer 29

Staypoles

Question 30

A piece of material that prevents the fly sections of a ladder from becoming overextended, leading to collapse of a ladder.

Answer 30

Stop

Question 31

A metal that runs from one beam of the ladder to the other to keep the beams from separating. ___ \_\_\_s are typically found in wood ladders.

Answer 31

Tie rod

Question 32

The very top of the ladder.

Answer 32

Tip

Question 33

A piece of wood or metal that ties the two rails of a trussed beam ladder together and serves as the attachment point for the rungs.

Answer 33

Truss block

Question 34

A ladder beam constructed of top and bottom rails joined by truss blocks that tie the rails together and support the rungs.

Answer 34

Trussed beam

Question 35

Ladder gins are used to access A. below-grade sites. B. above-grade sites. C. grade-level positions. D. interior above-grade sites.

Answer 35

A. below-grade sites.

Question 36

The rail is the A. top section of a solid beam. B. top section of a trussed beam. C. top or bottom section of a trussed beam. D. handrail at the Lip of the ladder.

Answer 36

C. top or bottom section of a trussed beam.

Question 37

A truss block is a piece that connects the two A. rails of a trussed beam. B. rungs of a trussed beam. C. pulleys of an I-beam. D. rungs of an I-beam.

Answer 37

A. rails of a trussed beam.

Question 38

Transferring the weight of the user to the beams is done through the A. halyards. B. rungs. C. butt spurs. D. tie rods.

Answer 38

B. rungs.

Question 39

The metal bar that runs from one beam of the ladder to the other and keeps the beams from separating is the A. butt spur. B. rung. C. rail. D. tie rod.

Answer 39

D. tie rod.

Question 40

Butt spurs prevent the ladder from A. losing contact with the exterior of the structure. B. damaging the structure. C. chaffing other surfaces. D. slipping out of position.

Answer 40

D. slipping out of position.

Question 41

The part of an extension ladder that is raised or extended from the bed section is the A. fly section. B. elevating section. C. lift section. D. aerial section.

Answer 41

A. fly section.

Question 42

The rope or cable used to extend the fly seccion is the A. dog. B. guide. C. halyard. D. lift.

Answer 42

C. halyard.

Question 43

Pawls, ladder locks, or rung locks are also referred to as A. roof hooks. B. dogs. C. guides. D. truss locks.

Answer 43

B. dogs.

Question 44

Ladders with staypoles or tormentors are typically referred to as A. aerial ladders. B. portable ladders. C. Bangor ladders. D. Fresno ladders.

Answer 44

C. Bangor ladders.

Question 45

Fire service portable ladders are limited to a maximum length of A. 25 feet B. 50 feet C. 75 feet D. 100 feet.

Answer 45

B. 50 feet

Question 46

A straight ladder equipped with retractable hooks to secure the tip of the ladder to a pitched roof is a A. roof ladder B. Bangor ladder. C. combination ladder. D. Fresno ladder.

Answer 46

A. roof ladder

Question 47

Staypoles are required on ladders of A. 10 to 20 feet. B. 20 LO 30 feet. C. 30 to 40 feet. D. 40 feet or greater.

Answer 47

D. 40 feet or greater.

Question 48

Ladders that are designed to allow access to attic scuttle holes and confined areas are A. folding ladders. B. pompier ladders. C. scaling ladders. D. combination ladders.

Answer 48

A. folding ladders.

Question 49

A ladder that has no halyard, is generally short, and designed for att ic access is the A. pompier ladder. B. Bangor ladder. C. Fresno ladder. D. roof ladder.

Answer 49

C. Fresno ladder.

Question 50

The horizontal-bending test evaluates the A. manufacturer's specifications. B. structural strength of the ladder. C. service testing of the ladder. D. extension hardware on the ladder.

Answer 50

B. structural strength of the ladder.

Question 51

The most important safety check is confirming the A. proximity to direct names. B. location of overhead utility lines. C. identification of stable, level surfaces. D. size of the structure.

Answer 51

B. location of overhead utility lines.

Question 52

The proper climbing angle for maximum load capacity and strength is A. 30 degrees. B. 45 degrees. C. 60 degrees. D. 75 degrees.

Answer 52

D. 75 degrees.

Question 53

Most portable ladders are designed to support a weight of A. 500 pounds. B. 750 pounds. C. 1000 pounds. D. 1500 pounds.

Answer 53

B. 750 pounds.

Question 54

Aerial equipment operators are trained to extend the bucket or tip of the ladder A. above a trapped individual. B. below a trapped individual. C. even with a trapped individual. D. in contact with a trapped individual.

Answer 54

A. above a trapped individual.

Question 55

What is the common rule of thumb when identifying the length of the ladder to use on a structure? A. The tip of the ladder is in contact with the structure B. The butt of the ladder is in contact with the structure C. At least five ladder rungs show above the roofline D. The ladder provides access to all possible incident outcomes.

Answer 55

C. At least five ladder rungs show above the roofline

Question 56

In most cases a single fire fighter can safely carry a straight or roof ladder A. less than 18 feet long. B. less than 24 feet long. C. less than 4 feel wide. D. less than 2 feet wide.

Answer 56

A. less than 18 feet long.

Question 57

Most ladders are carried with the A. tip forward. B. fly-section forward. C. butt end forward. D. beam on top.

Answer 57

C. butt end forward.

Question 58

The number of fire fighters required lo raise a ladder depends on the A. length and width of the ladder. B. weight and target surface of the ladder. C. width and clearance of the ladder. D. length and weight of the ladder.

Answer 58

D. length and weight of the ladder.

Question 59

The two common techniques for raising portable ladders are the A. team and self raises. B. beam and rung raises. C. beam and halyard raises. D. team and aerial raises.

Answer 59

B. beam and rung raises.

Question 60

When a fire fighter st ands between the ladder and the st ructure, grasps the beams, and leans to pull the ladder into the structure, he or she is A. butting the ladder. B. guiding the ladder. C. heeling the ladder. D. dogging the ladder.

Answer 60

C. heeling the ladder.

Question 61

When climbing a ladder, the fire fighter's eyes should be looking A. forward, with an occasional glance u pward B. upward. C. downward. D. at the ladder's tip.

Answer 61

A. forward, with an occasional glance u pward

Question 62

Establishing verbal contact as quickl y as possible is important when rescuing A. an unconscious patient. B. an infant. C. an elderly person. D. any conscious person .

Answer 62

D. any conscious person .

Question 63

The _______ ladder is one of the most functional, verstile and rapidly deployable tools used by fire fighters.

Answer 63

portable

Question 64

Ladders provide elevated platforms for _________ as well as for fire fighters.

Answer 64

equipment

Question 65

The _______ serve as the steps of a ladder.

Answer 65

rungs

Question 66

A(n)\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ladder is an assembly of two or more ladder sections that can be extended or retracted to adjust the length.

Answer 66

extension

Question 67

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ladders are permanently mounted, power-operated ladders with a working length of at least 50 feet.

Answer 67

Aerial

Question 68

A(n) ______ ladder is a single-section, fixed-length ladder.

Answer 68

straight

Question 69

A(n) _______ ladder can be converted from a straight ladder to a stepladder configuration.

Answer 69

combination

Question 70

Ladders should always be inspected and maintained in accordance with the _________ recommendations.

Answer 70

manufacturer's

Question 71

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a fire fighter's most important and unpredictable duty.

Answer 71

Rescue

Question 72

Fire fighters who are working from a ladder should use a safety belt or a(n) _________ to secure themselves to the ladder.

Answer 72

leg lock

Question 73

A rope, a rope-hose tool, or ______ can be used to secure a ladder in place.

Answer 73

webbing

Question 74

When dismounting a ladder, the fire fighter should try to maintain contact with the ladder at ______ points.

Answer 74

three

Question 75

True/False The ladder is one of the fire fighter's basic tools.

Answer 75

True

Question 76

True/False A ladder can be used as a work platform.

Answer 76

True

Question 77

True/False Ladders consist of two rungs connected by a series of parallel beams.

Answer 77

False

Question 78

True/False There are two tips on a portable ladder.

Answer 78

False

Question 79

True/False The butt and the heel of a ladder are at opposite ends of a portable ladder.

Answer 79

False

Question 80

True/False When roof ladders are properly attached, they will not support the weight of the ladder and a fire fighter.

Answer 80

False

Question 81

True/False Pulling on the halyard extends the bed sections of a combination ladder.

Answer 81

False

Question 82

True/False SCBA is not required when working on the roof at a chimney fire.

Answer 82

False

Question 83

True/False A fire fighter working from a ladder is in a less stable position than a fire fighter working on the ground.

Answer 83

True

Question 84

True/False During a three-fire fighter shoulder carry, the middle fire fighter should be on the opposite side of the other two.

Answer 84

False

Question 85

True/False When using an extension ladder, never wrap the halyard around your hand.

Answer 85

True

Question 86

True/False In general, ladder manufacturers recommend that the fly sections placed toward the structure.

Answer 86

False