Emergency Medical Care

Question 1

The concept of using protective equipment to prevent exposure to infectious diseases is known as

A. workplace safety equipment.
B. personal protective equipment.
C. body substance isolation.
D. infection protection.

Answer 1

C. body substance isolation.

Question 2

The immunizations recommended for medical care providers include the tetanus vaccine and

A. hepatitis B vaccine.
B. hepatitis C vaccine.
C. HTV vaccine.
D. SARS vaccine.

Answer 2

A. hepatitis B vaccine.

Question 3

The three critical components needed to sustain life in human beings are

A. food, clothing, and shelter.
B. food, water, and shelter.
C. nutrients, clothing, and air.
D. food, water, and oxygen.

Answer 3

D. food, water, and oxygen.

Question 4

Brain cells begin to die if they are deprived of oxygen and nutrients for

A. two to three minutes.
B. four to six minutes.
C. seven to nine minutes.
D. nine or more minutes.

Answer 4

B. four to six minutes

Question 5

What is the name of the thin flapper valve that allows air to enter the trachea, but that prevents
food or water from doing so?

A. Esophagus
B. Epiglottis
C. larynx
D. Alveoli

Answer 5

B. Epiglottis

Question 6

What is another name for the voice box?

A. Esophagus
B. Trachea
C. Bronchi
D. larynx

Answer 6

D. larynx

Question 7

The tiny air sacs in the lungs where the actual exchange of gases takes place are the

A. alveoli.
B. capillaries.
C. bronchi.
D. xiphoid.

Answer 7

A. alveoli.

Question 8

What are the smallest branches of the circulatory system, where the exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide takes place?

A. Veins
B. Arteries
C. Capillaries
D. Blood vessels

Answer 8

C. Capillaries

Question 9

Opening the airway by lifting the victim’s head backward and lifting the chin forward, bringing the
entire lower jaw with it, is called the

A. jaw-thrust technique.
B. head tilt-chin lift.
C. head tilt and shift.
D. jaw and head lift.

Answer 9

B. head tilt-chin lift.

Question 10

A normal adult has a breathing rate of approximately

A. 8 to 12 breaths per minute.
B. 12 to 20 breaths per minute.
C. 20 to 30 breaths per minute.
D. 30 to 40 breaths per minute.

Answer 10

B. 12 to 20 breaths per minute.

Question 11

What is the most critical sign of inadequate breathing?

A. Gasping
B. Cyanosis
C. Respiratory arrest
D. Unconsciousness

Answer 11

C. Respiratory arrest

Question 12

The “look, listen, and feel” check for breathing should take no more than

A. 5 seconds.
B. 10 seconds.
C. 20 seconds.
D. 30 seconds.

Answer 12

B. 10 seconds.

Question 13

lf a victim is not breathing, you must breathe for him or her. This technique is known as

A. rescue breathing.
B. ventilation.
C. the ABCs.
D. victim recovery.

Answer 13

A. rescue breathing.

Question 14

A “child” is defined as a person between

A. l and 8 years of age.
B. 5 and 12 years of age.
C. 8 and 12 years of age.
D. 8 and 18 years of age.

Answer 14

A. 1 and 8 years of age.

Question 15

When assisting an infant’s breathing, after the first two breaths, rescue breaths should follow every

A. 2 seconds.
B. 3 seconds.
C. 5 seconds.
D. 10 seconds.

Answer 15

B. 3 seconds.

Question 16

What is the most common cause of airway obstruction?

A. Food
B. Small toys
C. Dentures
D. The tongue

Answer 16

D. The tongue

Question 17

What is the most effective way of expelling a foreign object that is causing airway obstruction?

A. The Heimlich maneuver
B. Patting or rubbing the back
C. Coughing
D. Throwing up

Answer 17

C. Coughing

Question 18

If the airway is completely obstructed, the victim will lose consciousness in

A. less than one minute.
B. one to two minutes.
C. three to four minutes.
D. five to six minutes.

Answer 18

C. three to four minutes.

Question 19

To relieve an airway obstruction in an infant, use a combination of back slaps and

A. the Heimlich maneuver.
B. rescue breathing.
C. tilts.
D. chest thrusts.

Answer 19

D. chest thrusts.

Question 20

What is the major artery in the neck?

A. Carotid artery
B. Radial artery
C. Brachia! artery
D. Femoral artery

Answer 20

A. Carotid artery.

Question 21

The pressure wave generated by the pumping action of the heart is called the

A. heart rate.
B. pulse.
C. heart rhythm.
D. arterial push.

Answer 21

B. pulse

Question 22

Oxygen is carried from the lungs to the body and carbon dioxide back to the lungs by the

A, plasma.
B. platelets.
C. white blood cells.
D. red blood cells.

Answer 22

D. red blood cells.

Question 23

After a victim suffers cardiac arrest, brain damage begins within

A. 2 to 3 minutes.
B. 4 to 6 minutes.
C. 7 to 9 minutes.
D. 10 to 15 minutes.

Answer 23

B. 4 to 6 minutes.

Question 24

During CPR on an adult, chest compressions should be at the rate of

A. 30 compressions per minute.
B. 60 compressions per minute.
C. 100 compressions per minute.
D. 120 compressions per minute.

Answer 24

C. 100 compressions per minute.

Question 25

If the heart cannot pump enough blood to supply the needs of the body, the victim will experience A. cardiogenic shock. B. pipe failure. C. anaphylactic shock. D. spinal shock.

Answer 25

A. cardiogenic shock.

Question 26

Extreme allergic reactions to a foreign substance can cause A. fluid loss. B. cardiogenic shock. C. anaphylactic shock. D. spinal shock.

Answer 26

C. anaphylactic shock

Question 27

How much blood does the average adult's circulatory system contain? A. Approximately 6 pints B. Approximately 10 pints C. Approximately 12 pints D. Approximately 15 pints

Answer 27

C. Approximately 12 pints.

Question 28

What is the most serious type of bleeding? A. Venous bleeding B. Arterial bleeding C. Capillary bleeding D. External bleeding

Answer 28

B. Arterial bleeding

Question 29

A wound where the skin stays intact is called a(n) A. abrasion. B. open wound. C. laceration. D. closed wound.

Answer 29

D. closed wound.

Question 30

Any call that involves multiple victims is termed a A. mass-casualty incident. B. multiple-casualty incident. C. triage. D. violent incident.

Answer 30

A. mass-casualty incident.

Question 31

________ is the virus that can lead to acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Answer 31

HIV

Question 32

Based on the assumption that all victims are potential carriers of bloodborne pathogens, the CDC recommends all healthcare workers use _______.

Answer 32

universal precautions

Question 33

The main purpose of the respiratory system is to provide ________ and to remove ________ from the body.

Answer 33

oxygen, carbon dioxide

Question 34

The ________ rely on the diaphragm for movement, as they consist of soft, spongy tissue with no muscles.

Answer 34

Lungs

Question 35

The first step in assessing a victim's airway is to check the victim's level of _________.

Answer 35

responsiveness

Question 36

To open the airway of a victim with a suspected neck injury, use the ______ technique.

Answer 36

jaw-thrust

Question 37

When a person's internal body temperature falls below 95 degrees F, the individual has severe ________.

Answer 37

hypothermia

Question 38

The most common foreign object that causes an airway obstruction is __________.

Answer 38

food

Question 39

When air is forced into the stomach instead of the lungs, _______ occurs.

Answer 39

gastric distention

Question 40

If there is no pulse, you must correct the victim's circulation by performing external __________.

Answer 40

chest compressions

Question 41

If performing CPR on an infant, give _______ rescue breath(s) after every 15 chest compression.

Answer 41

2

Question 42

More trauma victims die from _______ than from any other reason.

Answer 42

shock

Question 43

True/False Drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis can be transmitted through the air.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

True/False Heavy leather gloves prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

Answer 44

False

Question 45

True/False The "B" in the CPR ABCs stands for "bleeding."

Answer 45

False

Question 46

True/False Once a brain cell has been destroyed, it cannot be healed or replaced.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

True/False Unconscious victims will not be able to keep their airways open.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

True/False Mouth-to-mask devices prevent the transmission of infectious diseases.

Answer 48

False

Question 49

True/False Cardiac arrest occurs when the heart stops contracting and no blood is pumped through the blood vessels.

Answer 49

True

Question 50

True/False Within 8 to 10 minutes after a cardiac arrest, the damage to the brain may be irreversible.

Answer 50

True

Question 51

True/False Rigor mortis is an indication that a victim has been dead for more than a day.

Answer 51

False

Question 52

True/False In adult CPR, after every 15 chest compressions, give two rescue breaths.

Answer 52

False

Question 53

True/False If the patient's pupils constrict when exposed to light, he or she is receiving effective CPR.

Answer 53

True

Question 54

True/False Living wills, advance directives, and DNR orders are legal documents that specify the patient's wishes regarding particular medical procedures.

Answer 54

True