Chapter 11 Vocabulary

Question 1

The process through which people receive and interpret information from the environment

Answer 1

Perception

Question 2

Assigns attributes commonly associated with a group to an individual

Answer 2

Stereotype

Question 3

Uses one attribute to develop an overall impression of a person or situation

Answer 3

Halo effect

Question 4

Focuses attention on things consistent with existing beliefs, Needs or actions

Answer 4

Selective perception

Question 5

Assigns personal attributes to other individuals

Answer 5

Projection

Question 6

The process of creating explanations for events

Answer 6

Attribution

Question 7

Overestimates internal factors and underestimates external factors as influences on someone’s behavior

Answer 7

Fundamental attribution error

Question 8

Underestimates internal factors and overestimates external factors as influences on someone’s behavior

Answer 8

Self-serving bias

Question 9

Tries to create desired perceptions in the eyes of others

Answer 9

Impression management

Question 10

The profile of characteristics making a person unique from others

Answer 10

Personality

Question 11

The extent to which one believes what happens is within one’s control

Answer 11

Locus of Control

Question 12

Is the degree to which a person defers to authority and accepts status differences

Answer 12

Authoritarianism

Question 13

The degree to which someone uses power manipulatively

Answer 13

Machiavellianism

Question 14

The degree to which someone is able to adjust behavior in response to external factors

Answer 14

Self-monitoring

Question 15

A state of tension experienced by individuals facing extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities

Answer 15

Stress

Question 16

Oriented toward extreme achievement, impatience and perfectionism

Answer 16

Type A personality

Question 17

A positive influence on effort, creativity and diligence in work

Answer 17

Constructive stress

Question 18

A negative influence on one’s performance

Answer 18

Destructive stress

Question 19

Physical and mental exhaustion from work and stress

Answer 19

Job burnout

Question 20

Occurs when we communicate extreme agitation in interpersonal relationships or electronic messages

Answer 20

Flameout

Question 21

Aggressive behavior toward co-workers or the work setting

Answer 21

Workplace rage

Question 22

The pursuit of a personal health-promotion program

Answer 22

Personal wellness

Question 23

Talkative, comfortable, and confident in interpersonal relationships;

Answer 23

Extraversion (extravert person)

Question 24

trusting, courteous, and helpful, getting along well with others

Answer 24

Agreeableness (an agreeable person)

Question 25

Dependable, organized, and focused on getting things done

Answer 25

Conscientiousness (a conscientious person)

Question 26

Secure, calm, steady and self-confident

Answer 26

Emotional stability (emotionally stable person)

Question 27

Broad-minded, imaginative, and open to new ideas

Answer 27

Openness to experience (open to experience)

Question 28

A predisposition to act in a certain way

Answer 28

Attitude

Question 29

Discomfort felt when attitude and behavior are inconsistent

Answer 29

Cognitive dissonance

Question 30

Strong feelings directed toward someone or something

Answer 30

Emotions

Question 31

An ability to understand emotions and manage relationships effectively

Answer 31

Emotional intelligence

Question 32

Generalized positive and negative states of mind

Answer 32

Moods

Question 33

The spillover of one’s positive or negative moods into others

Answer 33

Mood contagion