Chapter 12 Flashcards
(32 cards)
decompose:
To break down organic matter into simpler substances. (Fungi are crucial decomposers.)
hypha (plural hyphae)
A branching, thread-like filament that forms the main structure of a fungus.
myc-:
A prefix relating to fungi.
mycelium (pl. mycelia):
The mass of hyphae that forms the body of a fungus.
mycology
The study of fungi.
mycologist
A scientist who studies fungi.
mycorrhizae:
Symbiotic associations between fungi and plant roots, where the fungus enhances nutrient uptake for the plant, and the plant provides the fungus with sugars.
rust:
A type of parasitic fungus that causes reddish-brown pustules on plants.
smut
A type of parasitic fungus that causes dark, powdery masses of spores on plants.
spores:
Reproductive cells of fungi, capable of developing into a new individual.
truffle
A type of underground fungus, often prized for its flavor.
yeast:
A unicellular fungus that reproduces by budding.
1N:
Haploid, having one set of chromosomes.
1 or 2 cells thick:
A characteristic of thin structures, maximizing surface area.
hetero
Other, different.
algae:
Photosynthetic protists.
antibiotic
A substance that inhibits or kills bacteria.
binary fission:
Asexual reproduction in prokaryotes.
chemotaxis:
Movement in response to a chemical gradient.
chemoheterotroph:
An organism that obtains energy from chemicals and carbon from organic sources.
diploid:
Having two sets of chromosomes (2N).
EC
Abbreviation for enzyme commission
lichen:
A symbiotic association between a fungus and an alga or cyanobacterium.
lipase:
An enzyme that breaks down lipids.
