Chapter 12

Question 0

Extended family

Answer 0

A family in which relatives—such as grandparents, aunts, or uncles—live in the same home as parents and their children

Question 1

Nuclear family

Answer 1

this type of family serves as the nucleus, or core, on which larger family groups are built.

Question 2

Monogamy

Answer 2

form of marriage in which one woman and one man are mar- ried only to each other.

Question 3

Serial monogamy

Answer 3

serial monogamy, a person may have several spouses in his or her lifetime, but only one spouse at a time.

Question 4

Polygamy

Answer 4

individual to have several husbands or wives simultaneously.

Question 5

6 functions of family

Answer 5

Reproduction, protection, Socialization, Regulation of sexual behavior, Affection and companionship, Provision of social status

Question 6

Provision of social status

Answer 6

We inherit a social position because of the family background and reputation of our par- ents and siblings. The family presents the newborn child with an ascribed status based on race and ethnicity that helps to determine his or her place within society’s stratification sys- tem. Moreover, family resources affect children’s ability to pursue certain opportunities, such as higher education.

Question 7

Affection and companionship

Answer 7

Ideally, the family provides members with warm and intimate relationships, helping them to feel satisfied and secure. Of course, a family member may find such rewards outside the family—from peers, in school, at work—and may even perceive the home as an unpleasant or abusive setting. Nevertheless, we expect our relatives to understand us, to care for us, and to be there for us when we need them.

Question 8

Regulation of sexual behavior

Answer 8

Sexual norms are subject to change both over time (for instance, in the customs for dat- ing) and across cultures (compare strict Saudi Arabia to the more permissive Denmark). However, whatever the time period or cultural values of a society, standards of sexual behavior are most clearly defined within the family circl

Question 9

Socialization

Answer 9

Parents and other kin monitor a child’s behavior and transmit the norms, values, and language of their cul- ture to the child.

Question 10

Protection

Answer 10

In all cultures, the family assumes the ultimate responsibility for the protection and upbringing of children.

Question 11

Reproduction

Answer 11

For a society to maintain itself,it must replace dying members. In this sense, the family contributes to human survival through its function of reproduction.