Chapter 12

Question 1

radiocarpal joint

Answer 1

consists of the distal end of the radius and the radioulnar disk proximally and the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum distally

Question 2

radiocarpal joint

Answer 2

classified as a biaxial condyloid joint allowing flexion and extension, radial deviation and ulnar deviation. The combination of all four of these motions is called circumduction. There is no rotation in the wrist.

Question 3

midcarpal joint

Answer 3

located between two rows of carpal bones

Question 4

intercarpal joints

Answer 4

located between carpal bones in each individual row

Question 5

carpometacarpal (CMC) joints

Answer 5

appear between the distal row of carpal bones and the proximal end of metacarpal bones

Question 6

palmar flexion

Answer 6

wrist flexion

Question 7

dorisflexion

Answer 7

hyperextension

Question 8

neutral position

Answer 8

hand in straight line with forearm, position of the hand in anatomical position

Question 9

extension

Answer 9

return from flexion

Question 10

hyperextension

Answer 10

movement beyond neutral position

Question 11

flexion and extension

Answer 11

occur on sagittal plane around the frontal axis

Question 12

flexion

Answer 12

approximately 90 degrees

Question 13

hyyperextension

Answer 13

approximately 70 degrees

Question 14

Raadial and Ulnar deviation

Answer 14

occur on the frontal plane around the sagittal axis

Question 15

radial deviation

Answer 15

approximately 35 degrees

Question 16

ulnar deviation

Answer 16

approximately 25 degrees

Question 17

firm end feel

Answer 17

for extension, hyperextension, and ulnar deviation

Question 18

boney/ hard end feel

Answer 18

for radial deviation, due to boney/ hard contact between the radial styloid process and the scaphoid (carpal) bone

Question 19

open packed position of wrist

Answer 19

in neutral with slight ulnar deviation position

Question 20

convex/ concave articulation

Answer 20

convex shaped proximal row of caarpal bones move in opposite direction of the hand motionbones

Question 21

carpal bones

Answer 21

consist of two rows of four bones each, starrting at tumb side of proximal row are the scaphoid, lunate, triquerum, and psisform. distal row from lateral are trapezium, trapeziod, capitate, hamate

Question 22

styloid process

Answer 22

distal projection on the lateral side of the radius and distal medial posterior side of ulna (providing attachment for collateral ligaments

Question 23

hook of the hamate

Answer 23

projection on the anterior surface of the hamate, providing attachment for the transverse carpal ligament

Question 24

Medial epicondyle

Answer 24

located on the distal medial side of the humerus; attachment for the common flexor tendon

Question 25

Lateral epicondyle

Answer 25

located on the distal lateral side of the humerus attachment for the common extensor tendon

Question 26

Lateral supraconcylar ridge

Answer 26

located just proximal to the lateral epicondyle; attachment for the extensor capri radialis longs muscle

Question 27

radiocarpal joint

Answer 27

basically four ligaments;

Question 28

radial collateral ligament

Answer 28

attaches to the styloid process of the radius and the scaphoid and trapezius bones

Question 29

ulnar collateral ligament

Answer 29

attaches to the styloid process of the ulna and to the pisiform and triquetrum bones

Question 30

palmar radiocarpal ligament

Answer 30

limits wrist extension, attaches anterior distal end of radius and ulna and to the anterior surface of the proximal carpal bones and to the capitate bone in the distal row

Question 31

dorsal radiocarpal ligament

Answer 31

attaches from posterior surfaces of the distal raduis to the same surface of the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum

Question 32

joint capsule of wrist

Answer 32

is reinforced by four ligaments of wrist

Question 33

articular disc

Answer 33

locateed on distal end of ulna and articulates with triqeutrum and lunate bones

Question 34

palmar aponeurosis

Answer 34

a relatively thick triangular fascia located superficially in the palm of the hand

Question 35

common flexor tendon

Answer 35

originates on medial epicondyle of humrus and splits, i.e. pronator teres, flexor capri radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, and flexor capri ulnaris

Question 36

common extensor tndon

Answer 36

originates on the lateral epicondyle and forms into extensor capri radialis longus and brevis, extensor capri ulnaris, extensor digitorum, and extensor digiti minimi

Question 37

anterior side of wrist

Answer 37

flexion

Question 38

posterior side of wrist

Answer 38

extension

Question 39

anteriour

Answer 39

flexor capri ulnaris, flexor capri radialis, Palmerus longus

Question 40

posterior

Answer 40

extensor caprii radialis longus, extensor caprii radialus breves, and extensor caprii ulnaris

Question 41

flexor capri ulnaris muscle

Answer 41

wrist flexion, ulnar deviation

Question 42

flexor capri radialis muscleive in wrist flexion

Answer 42

wrist flexion and radial deviation

Question 43

palmaris longus muscle

Answer 43

assistive in wrist flexion

Question 44

Extensor Capri Raadialis Longus Muscle

Answer 44

wrist extension, radial deviation

Question 45

Extensor capri radialis brevis muscle

Answer 45

wrist extension

Question 46

extensor capri ulnaris muscle

Answer 46

wrist extensoin, ulnar deviation

Question 47

extensor retinaculum

Answer 47

encases all at wrist

Question 48

scaphoid and radius

Answer 48

two most fractured bones of the wrist

Question 49

colles fracture

Answer 49

a break at the distal radius at the level of the metaphysis and is common in elderly

Question 50

Smith's fracture

Answer 50

distal fragment is displaced anteriourly (reverse Colles) and is caused by fall on the back of hand

Question 51

"greenstick fracture'

Answer 51

refers to an incomplete fracture, usually of radius, and more proximal than 'Colles' fracture

Question 52

scaphoid fracture

Answer 52

sometimes related to danger of blood vessel that supplies this bone, which can lead to avascular necrosis, or death of bone tissue

Question 53

ganglion cyst

Answer 53

a benign, fluid filled cyst commonly seen as a bump. Can appear, disappear and change size quickly

Question 54

wrist sprains

Answer 54

when a person falls on an outstretched hand