Chapter 12

Question 1

a decrease volume of circulating blood in the body

Answer 1

hypovolemia

Question 2

an accumulation of air or gas in the pleural space that progressively increases pressure in the chest that interferes with cardiac function with potentially fatal results

Answer 2

tension pneumothorax

Question 3

the increased pressure in an artery with each contraction of the ventricle

Answer 3

systolic pressure

Question 4

the contraction, or period of contraction, of the heart, especially that of the ventricle

Answer 4

systole

Question 5

a developmental defect in which a portion of the spinal cord or meninges may protrude outside of the vertebrae and possibly even outside of the body, usually at the lower third of the spine in the lumbar area

Answer 5

spina bifida

Question 6

the pressure that remains in the arteries during the relaxing phase of the heart’s cycle (diastole) when the left ventricle is at rest

Answer 6

Diastolic pressure

Question 7

the relaxation, or period of relaxation, of the heart especially of the ventricle

Answer 7

diastole

Question 8

blood pressure that is lower than the normal range

Answer 8

hypotension

Question 9

describes a condition in which the patient has to few red blood cells, resulting in a decreased ability to transport oxygen throughout the body via the bloodstream

Answer 9

anemic

Question 10

a dangerous condition in which the body’s tissues and cells do not have enough oxygen

Answer 10

hypoxia

Question 11

exchange of air between the lungs and the environment, spontaneously by the patient or with assistance from another person, such as an EMT

Answer 11

ventilation

Question 12

breathing that occurs without assistance

Answer 12

spontaneous breathing

Question 13

a partial or complete accumulation of air in the pleural space

Answer 13

pneumothorax