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Mom and baby Exam 1 > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

Uniting of sperm and ovum = ?

A

Zygote (fertilization)

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2
Q

Implantation occurs how many days after fertilization?

A

6 to 10 days

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3
Q

Where does a blastocyst burrow during implantation?

A

The endometrium

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4
Q

Where does fertilization takes place ?

A

In the ampulla of the fallopian tube

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5
Q

In regards to Implantation, _____________ is the outer layer ?

A

Trophoblast

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6
Q

What develops out of Trophoblasts ?

A

Chorionic Villi

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7
Q

After Implantation, the endometrium is now called what ?

A

decidua basalis

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8
Q

By day ___ the placenta is in place ?

A

17

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9
Q

Pregnancy lasts for how long ?

- Lunar months:
- Weeks:
- Days:
A

Lunar months: 10
Weeks: 40 weeks
Days: 280

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10
Q

The Pre-embryonic or Ovum stage Takes place from day ___ to ___ ?

A

1 to 14

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11
Q

All tissue and organs develop from what ?

A

Germ layers

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12
Q

What stage of Embryonic and Fetal development period covers,

  • cellular replication
  • blastocyst formation
  • initial development of embryonic membranes
  • establishment of primary germ layers ?
A

Pre-embryonic or Ovum stage: days 1-14

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13
Q

What are the 3 primary germ layers ?

A
  • Ectoderm
  • Mesoderm
  • Endoderm
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14
Q

Which primary germ layer is the “outter layer” ?

A

Ectoderm

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15
Q

The Ectoderm may give rise to what types of things ?

A
  • Nails
  • Tissues
  • Some external organs
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16
Q

The Mesoderm gives rise to what types of things ?

A
  • Skeleton

- Teeth

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17
Q

The Endoderm gives rise to what types of things ?

A

Gives rise to innermost systems

  • Respiratory system
  • Urinary system
  • etc,.
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18
Q

Development of the embryo is the most critical time for what ?

A

organ system development

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19
Q

What is the purpose of the amnion and amniotic cavity ?

A

Surrounds the growing fetus

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20
Q

What covers the fetal side of the placenta ?

A

Chorion

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21
Q

Amniotic fluid is typically what color ?

A

clear

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22
Q

True or False: The amniotic fluid typically has no smell to it ?

A

True

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23
Q

What is a main function of the Amniotic fluid ?

A

Maintains constant body temperature !

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24
Q

What are additional function of the Amniotic fluid ?

A
  • Cushion for the baby (to keep baby safe)
  • Allows the baby to move around freely
  • Antibacterial properties (to keep baby safe)
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25
Amniotic fluid = ?
Fetal urine (sterile)
26
What is the function of the Yolk sac ?
Transfers oxygen and nutrients to the fetus
27
The Yolk sac eventually becomes part of what ?
The digestive tract
28
The umbilical cord contains 3 vessels. - How many are veins: ? - How many are arteries : ?
1 vein | 2 arteries
29
What doe the vein in the umbilical cord do ?
returns blood to the embryo
30
What do the arteries in the umbilical cord do ?
Carry blood from the embryo to the chorionic villi
31
The umbilical cord is 2cm in diameter, and is ___ to ___ cm at birth ?
30 - 90cm
32
What structure is a complex system of blood vessels ?
Placenta
33
The placenta is in place by day 17 from what ?
The Chorionic Villi
34
The placenta functions as what ?
system of metabolic exchange
35
What is the Hormone of pregnancy ?
Progesterone !!
36
Placental functions depend on what ?
Maternal blood pressure
37
What type of drug acts as a vasoconstrictor ?
Cocaine
38
What are functions of the placenta ?
- Vasoconstriction - Early-function endocrine gland - Metabolic exchange of oxygen and CO2 - Storage for fetal needs (carbs, Ca, Iron, & protein stores) - Waste products from fetus cross the placental membrane from fetal-maternal
39
The Embryonic stage takes place between what time frame ?
15th day - 8th week
40
During what stage of development is the embryo vulnerable to teratogens ?
Embryonic stage : 15th day - 8th week
41
The Fetal stage takes place when ?
9th week to delivery
42
___________ development continues long after the embryonic period ?
Neurological
43
During what stage of development can Stressors on the system possibly still cause damage to the Neurological system ?
Fetal stage : 9th week to delivery
44
When are all systems formed ?
At the end of the 8th week
45
When the fetus has reached fetal maturation, it is less vulnerable to teratogens, except for those affecting what ?
The CNS
46
What is the 1st system to develop ?
Cardiovascular
47
Tubular heart beats can be heard when ?
4-5 weeks
48
In regards to the Cardiovascular system, Fetus's have a special circulatory pathway which does what ?
Bypasses the Lungs
49
What does the Foreamen Ovale do ?
Connects the Right and Left atria, so blood doesn't go to the lungs
50
What does the Ductus arterioles do ?
Fetal artery connecting the Aorta (main body artery) and the Pulmonary artery (main lung artery) . - Allows the blood to detour away from the lungs before birth
51
What is Surfactant ?
A hormone that allows expansion of the lungs to occur.. - Makes breathing easier
52
When is there some surfactant present (weeks) ?
At 32 weeks
53
The book states that ___ weeks is key for survival outside of the body ?
35 weeks
54
True or False: There is no gas exchange in the lungs of the fetus ?
True
55
What is the ratio of the Respiratory surfactants ?
2:1
56
What does the umbilical vein do ?
Carries oxygen rich blood back to the fetus
57
Placental blood flow is enhanced when ?
When women are lying on their left side ! - Because the Vena cava is not compromised
58
The Ductus Venous is the 1st port where ?
In the fetal abdomen
59
The Ductus Venous connects to where ?
The inferior vena cava
60
Rhythmic breathing patterns take place during what week of fetal development ?
Week 32
61
The Ability to Partially control temperature takes place during what week of fetal development ?
Week 32
62
During which week of fetal development are bones fully developed, but soft and flexible ?
Week 32
63
What are the two types of Respiratory surfactant ?
- Lecithin | - Sphingomyelin
64
After 32 weeks, __________ is present in the Alveoli to provide for a good chance of survival ?
Surfactant
65
What is the Surfactant ratio of Lecithin & Sphingomyelin ? L:S = ?
L:S = 2:1
66
How many pairs of chromosomes are there ?
23
67
23 pairs of chromosomes total - # of autosomes: ___ - # of sex chromosomes: ___
Autosomes = 22 pairs Sex chromosomes = 1 pair Total = 23 pairs of chromosomes
68
Multifactorial inheritance includes both... ?
- Genetic & Environmental factors
69
Gestation occurs how many days after the LMP ?
280 days
70
Gestation occurs for how many days after conception ?
266 days (280 days? 40 weeks? is full term?)

Mom and baby Exam 1 (14 decks)

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