Chapter 12 and 13

Question 1

what is a nonchord tone

Answer 1

a tone, either diatonic or chromatic, that is NOT a member of the chord

Question 2

passing tone

Answer 2

• approached by step
• left by step in same direction
• abbreviated: p

Question 3

neighbor tone

Answer 3

• approached by step
• left by step in opposite direction
  -abbreviated: n

Question 4

suspension

Answer 4

• approached by same tone
• left by step DOWN
• abbreviated: s & #

Question 5

suspension numbers

Answer 5

9-8, 7-6, 4-3, and 2-3

Question 6

how do you determine the number of a suspension?

Answer 6

count from the bass up to the suspended note and then from the bass to the resolved note

Question 7

what is special about 2-3 suspensions?

Answer 7

only happen in the bass

Question 8

what is a chain of suspensions

Answer 8

when the resolution of one suspension serves as the preparation for another

Question 9

retardation

Answer 9

• approached by same tone
• left by step UP
• abbreviated: r

Question 10

are NCTs indicated in figured bass?

Answer 10

only suspensions

Question 11

what is the figured bass symbols for suspensions?

Answer 11

9-8: 9 8
7-6: 7 6
4-3: 4 3 or 4#
2-3: 5/2 under 1st bass note; 6 under next

Question 12

what is an accented NCT

Answer 12

occurs on a strong beat or stronger portion of the beat

Question 13

appoggiatura

Answer 13

• accented
• approached by leap
• left in step usually in opposite direction
• abbreviated: app

Question 14

escape tone

Answer 14

• approached by step
• left by leap in opposite direction
• abbreviated: e

Question 15

what are appogguaturas and escape tones also referred to as?

Answer 15

incomplete neighbor

Question 16

neighbor group

Answer 16

• approached and left by same tone
• appoggiatura to escape tone or escape tone to appoggiatura in between

Question 17

anticipation

Answer 17

• approached by step or leap to a pitch that is in the anticipated chord but not present in the chord that preceded it
• left by same tone
• abbreviated: ant

Question 18

free anticipation

Answer 18

• approached and left by leap
• not left by same tone
• abbreviated: free ant.

Question 19

pedal point

Answer 19

• approached and left by same tone
• sustains THROUGH a harmony change
• abbreviated: ped.

Question 20

inverted pedal point

Answer 20

• when the pedal point occurs in a part other than the bass

Question 21

double pedal point

Answer 21

• the pedal point contains more than one pitch class

Question 22

can a pedal point contain rests?

Answer 22

YES