Chapter 12- Developmental Psychology Flashcards
(40 cards)
Cross-sectional design
Do not interfere when recording data. Observational. Test different age groups in same year and compare.
Teratogens
External agents or substances that cause abnormal prenatal development
Rooting reflex
Breast feeding cheek reflex. Turn head in direction of stroking
Piaget’s stages of cognitive development
Sensorimotor
Pre-operational
Concrete operational
Formal operational.
Personal fable
Teen belief that they are highly special and unlike anyone else. Believe that nobody can understand them.
Developmental change
Stability vs. change
Continuity vs. discontinuity
Factors that drive developmental change
Nature and nurture
Critical and sensitive periods
Longitudinal design
Test individuals of one age group and then retest them every 10 years
Sequential design
Test 10-60yr olds I’m same year and retest till 10 year olds are 60year olds.
Sucking reflex
Put something in a baby’s mouth and it will start sucking
Assimilation
Process by which new experiences are incorporated into existing schemas
Sensorimotor stage
Birth-2yrs
Out of sight- infants do not understand their continued existence (3months)
Object permanence at 8 months
Preoperational stage
Stage in which children represent the world symbolically through words and mental images but do not understand basic mental rules.
Helps in means believe play.
Egocentrism
Conservation
Formal operational stage
11-12 years
Think logically and systematically about concrete and abstract problems
Think more flexibly and solve hypothetical problems
Creative answers
Concrete operational
7-12years
Perform basic mental operations concerning problems that involve tangible objects/situations. Show difficulty displaying rigid types of thinking
Fluid intelligence
The ability to perform mental operations. Declines in early adulthood
Crystallized intelligence
Reflects the accumulation of verbal skills and factual knowledge. Peaks I. Idle adulthood, declines in late.
lack of bowel control in children
encopresis
According to Erikson, failure to resolve the tasks of middle adulthood leads to a sense of __________ involving a concern for one’s own needs and comforts only
stagnation
drivers license or wedding ring are what Elkind calls
social markers
Lawrence Kohlberg is known for his research in the area of __________ development.
moral
Generativity refers to
concern for welfare of others and society as a whole.
vocab and stored knowledge are examples of
crystallized intelligence
Conforming to the expectations of others or to socially accepted rules and values describes a person at the __________ level of morality.
conventional