chapter 12 part 2

Question 1

aphagia

Answer 1

a condition characterized by the loss of the ability to swallow as a result of organic or psychologic causes

Question 2

ascites

Answer 2

an abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity

Question 3

dyspepsia

Answer 3

a vague feeling of epigastric discomfort after eating

Question 4

dysphagia

Answer 4

difficulty in swallowing, commonly associated with obstructive or motor disorders or the esophagus

Question 5

gastroesphagus reflux

Answer 5

backflow of the content of the stomach into the esophagus that is often a result of incompetence of the lower esophageal spinhcter

Question 6

icterus

Answer 6

yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes and sclera of the eyes caused by greater than normal amount of bilirubin in the blood; jaundice

Question 7

jaundice

Answer 7

icterus

Question 8

achalasia

Answer 8

decreased mobility of the lower two thirds of the esophagus along with constriction of the lower esophageal sphincter

Question 9

anal fistula

Answer 9

abnormal passageway in the skin surface near the anus

Question 10

celiac disease

Answer 10

nutrient malabsorption due to damaged small bowel mucosa

Question 11

cirrhosis

Answer 11

disease of the liver that is chronic and degenerative

Question 12

chron’s disease

Answer 12

digestive tract inflammation of a chronic nature, causing fever, cramping, weight loss, etc

Question 13

diverticular disease

Answer 13

characterizes both diverticulosis and diverticulitis

Question 14

dysentery

Answer 14

term used to describe painful intestinal inflammation typically caused by ingesting water or food containing bacteria, etc

Question 15

esophageal varices

Answer 15

swollen, twisted veins located in the distal end of the esophagus

Question 16

gallstones

Answer 16

pigmented or hardened cholesterol stones formed as a result of bile crystallization

Question 17

hemorrhoids

Answer 17

a hemorrhoid is an unnaturally distended or swollen vein in the distal rectum or anus

Question 18

hepatitis

Answer 18

acute or chronic inflammation of the liver due to viral or bacterial infections, drugs, etc

Question 19

hernia

Answer 19

an irregular protrusion of tissue, organ, or portion of an organ through an abnormal break in the surrounding cavities muscular wall

Question 20

ileus

Answer 20

a term used to describe an obstruction of the intestine

Question 21

intussusception

Answer 21

telescoping or a portion of proximal intestine into distal intestine

Question 22

IBS

Answer 22

increased motility of the small or large intestinal wall, resulting in abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea, anorexia, and the trapping of gas throughout the intestines

Question 23

pancreatitis

Answer 23

an cute or chronic destructive inflammatory condition of the pancreas

Question 24

peptic ulcers

Answer 24

a break in the continuity of the mucous membrane lining of the GI tract as a result of hyperacidity or the bacterium

Question 25

thrush

Answer 25

a fungal infection in the mouth and throat , producing sore, creamy, white slightly raised curdlike patches on the tongue

Question 26

ulcerative colitis

Answer 26

chronic inflammatory condition resulting in a break in the continuity of the mucous membrane lining of the colon in the form of ulcers

Question 27

volvulus

Answer 27

rotation of loops of bowel, causing a twisting on itself that results in an intestinal obstruction

Question 28

abdominal ultrasound

Answer 28

the use of very high frequency sound waves to provide visualation of the internal organs of the abdomen

Question 29

abdominocentesis

Answer 29

involves insertion of a needle or trocar into the abdominal cavity to remove excess fluid

Question 30

barium enema

Answer 30

infusion of radiopaque contrast medium, barium sulfate, into rectum and held in lower intestinal tract

Question 31

barium swallow

Answer 31

involves oral administration of radiopaque contract medium, barium sulfate, which flows into the esophagus as the person swallows

Question 32

cholecystectomy

Answer 32

surgical removal of the gallbladder

Question 33

cholecystography

Answer 33

visualization of the gallbladder through xray after an oral ingestion

Question 34

colonoscopy

Answer 34

direct visualization of the lining of the large intestine using fiberoptic colonoscope

Question 35

colostomy

Answer 35

surgical creation of a new opening on the abdominal wall through which the feces will be expelled

Question 36

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

Answer 36

procedure that examines the size of and the filling of the pancreatic and biliary ducts through direct radiographic visualization with fiberoptic endoscope

Question 37

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

Answer 37

the process of direct visualization of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum using a lighted fiberoptic endoscope

Question 38

fluoroscopy

Answer 38

radiological technique used to examine the function of an organ or a body part by using fluoro

Question 39

nasogastric intubation

Answer 39

involves tube placement through the nose into the stomach for the purpose of reliving gastric distention

Question 40

Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC)

Answer 40

examination of the bile duct structure by using a needle to pass directly into an intraheptic bile duct to inject contrast medium

Question 41

small bowel follow through

Answer 41

oral administration of a radiopaque contrast medium, which flows through the gI system

Question 42

ba

Answer 42

barium

Question 43

be

Answer 43

barium enema

Question 44

b.I.d

Answer 44

twice a day

Question 45

gb

Answer 45

gallbladder

Question 46

ger

Answer 46

gastroesophageal reflux

Question 47

gerd

Answer 47

acid reflux disease

Question 48

n & v

Answer 48

nausea and vomiting

Question 49

ng

Answer 49

nasogastric

Question 50

npo

Answer 50

not by mouth

Question 51

ptc

Answer 51

percutaneaous transheptic cholangiogram

Question 52

SBFT

Answer 52

small bowel follow through

Question 53

sbs

Answer 53

small bowel series