rad tech 6 Flashcards by Aja Walker

irregular bones

come in various sizes and shapes, and are
often clustered; example- vertebrae

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bone head

rounded, knoblike end of a long bone,
separated from the shaft of the bone by a narrow portion

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neck

constricted or narrow section that connects with the
head, as the neck connecting to the head or the neck of the femur

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tuberosity

elevated, broad, rounded process of a bone,
usually an attachment of a tendon or muscle

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trochanter

large bony process located below the neck of
the femur for attachment of muscle

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condyle

knuckle-like projection at the end of the bone

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crest

distinct border or bridge

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spine

sharp projection from the surface of a bone, similar
to a crest

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sulcus

groove or depression in a bone; fissure

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sinus

opening or hallow space in a bone

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fissure

same as culus

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fossa

hallow or shallow concave depression of a bone

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foramen

hole within a bone that allows blood vessels to
pass through

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frontal bone

forms the forehead and the upper part of the
bony cavity that contains the eyeballs

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parietal bone

moving towards the back of the head just
behind the frontal bones, forms the top and upper sides of the cranium

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occipital bone

forms the back of the head and base of the skull

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temporal bone

form the lower sides and part of the base
of the skull

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sphenoid bone

bat-shaped bone located at the base of the
skull in the front of the temporal bone

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ethmoid bone

lies just behind the nasal bone, in front of
the sphenoid

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mandibular bone

lower jawline

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maxillary bone

bones of the upper jaw and hard palate

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zygomatic bone

form the high part of the cheek and outer
border of the orbit

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nasal bone

two slender bones give shape to the nose by
forming upper part of the bridge

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lacrimal bone

two small paper-thin bones and shaped
somewhat like a fingernail at the inner corner of the eye. Form the sidewall of the nasal cavity, and houses the tear duct

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vomer

thin, flat bone that forms the lower portion of the nasal septum

palatine bone

shaped like the letter L, forms the sidewall of the back of the nasal cavity, and the back of the roof of the mouth

nasal conchae

two inferior bones help complete the nasal cavity

cervical

first segment of the vertebral column of 7; C1-C7

thoracic

second segment consisting of 12, connects to the ribs: T1- T12

lumbar

third segment of consisting of 5, larger heavier than others and support the back and lower trunk

sacrum

forth segment of the vertebral column, triangular shaped

coccyx

fifth segment; tailbone

costal cartilage

what attaches the ribs to the sternum

Ankylosing spondylitis

type of arthritis that affects the vertebral column and causes deformities of the spine

Arthrodesis

surgical fusion of a joint

Articular cartilage

thin layer of cartilage that covers the end of the long bones and the surfaces of the joints

bone processess

projections or outgrowths of bone

cancellous bone

spongy bone, not as dense of compact

Diaphysis

main shaftlike portion of the bone

Epiphyseal line

layer of cartilage that separates the diaphysis from the epiphysis of a bone

Epiphysis

end of a bone

false ribs

ribs 8-10 which connect to the vertebrae in the back but not the sternum in the front because they join the 7 the rib in the front

flat bones

bones that are broad and thin with flat or curved surfaces, such as the sternum

floating ribs

ribs 11-12 that connect to the vertebrae in the back but are free of attachment in the front

Hematopoiesis

normal formation and development of blood cells in the bone marrow

Intercostals spaces

spaces between the ribs

long bones

bones that are longer than they are wide, and with distinctive shaped ends, such as the femur

Medullary cavity

center portion of the shaft of a long bone containing yellow marrow

Osteoblasts

immature bone cells that actively produce bony tissue

Osteoclasts

large cells that absorb or digest old bone tissue

Osteocytes

mature bone cells

Periosteum

thick, white, fibrous membrane that covers the surface of a long bone

Red bone marrow

soft, semifluid substance located in the small spaces of cancellous bone that is the source of blood cell production

sesamoid bone

irregular bones imbedded in tendons near a joint, as in the kneecap

short bone

bones that about as long as they are wide and somewhat box shaped, such as the wrist bones

Subluxation

incomplete dislocation of a bone from the joint

suture

immovable joints, such as in the cranium

Trabeculae

needlike bony spicules within cancellous bone that contribute to the spongy appearance

true ribs

first 7 ribs which connect to the vertebrae in the back and sternum in the front

yellow marrow

located in the diaphysis of long bones, consists of fatty tissue and is inactive in the formation of blood cells