Chapter 12 - Supporting Info-Centric Decision Making Flashcards
What is decision making?
The process of making choices by identifying a decision, gathering information and assessing alternatives
How do computer systems support decision making?
Through increasing frequenct of automation
What are the types of decision making?
Structured - well-defined methodology and data
Unstructured - knowledge or expertise, reqiure data and models
Semi-Structured - some human judgement, some agreement on method
What is business intelligence?
A wrote set of concepts and technologies to improve the context of decisions.
Gathers and filters data.
Relies on DW and DBs
What is DSS?
Decision support systems
- Computer based info system that helps makes decisions about problems that are rapidly changing
- Combines models and analytics with traditional data anal
What are the three fundamental components of a DSS?
1) Data Base
2) Model Base - decision context and user criteria
3) Software System - DBMS, MBMS, DGMS
And the user
What is data mining?
Uses computers to find unknown correlations from a large data set by finding hiddent patterns and rules to predict trends
What are the data mining techniques?
Associations - Determine occurences linked to a single event
Sequences - Events that are linked over time
Classifications - Discover characteristics of customers and make predictions about behavior of those classes
Clusters - Groups within data
Forecasting - Using current values to estimate what future values will be
What are Executive Information Systems?
An executive summary form of TSS. Used to guide company performance and scan business info.
What is the goal of EIS?
Goal: provide access to summary performance data, use graphics to display data in user friendly fashion, offer minimum of analysis beyond exec summary data
What do EIS usually do?
Supportt senior management
Incorporate data about external events
Summarize info from TSS
What are some common shortfalls of EIS?
Lack of exec support undefinded system objectives Poorly defined requirements inadequate supoprt staff Poorly planned evolutions
What is an expert system?
A real world use of AI
AI mimics human cognition and communication to analyze a situation or solve a problem
What are the components of an expert system?
UI -> Inference engine -> Knowledge Base
How can knowledge be represented in expert systems?
Cases
Neural Network nodes
Rules - knowledge obntained by human experts drawing on experience, expertise, common sense, laws etc…
What are real time enterprises>?
Ensuring enterprises have ability to monitor, capture and analyze events that are critical to its success
What is an enterprise nervous system
A kind of network that provides universal connectivity among people, applications and devices
What are some of the enhanced forms of communication provided by enterprise nervous systems?
- transforms messages
- Redirects messages
- track and control bus processes
What is straight through processing?
Transation data entered just once in a process
What is the goal of straight through processing?
Allow companies to have same info be streamlined through multiple points
Reduce waste effect from process lag and latency
What are communicating objects?
Smart sensors and tags that provide info about the real world via real time data
What is the OODA Framework?
Observe -> Orient -> Design -> Act
Allows individuals, teams or orgs to adapt and react on their own terms
What are the requisites for Real-Time Management Strategy
- real time data
- real time performance matrix
- focus on high value add data
- define key activites and KPIs
What is BI?
Concepts, methods and tech to support decision making by using info centric support
