Chapter 5 - IT Arch & Distributed Systems Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 5 - IT Arch & Distributed Systems Deck (23)
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1
Q

What is IT Architecture

A

A blueprint showing how IT parts will come together and work with each other

2
Q

What is IT Infrastructure?

A

The hardware, software and standards that come together to implement the architecture - shared and reliable services that act as the foundation to the IT portfolio

3
Q

What are the attributes or questions to answer to determine the degree of a distributed system?

A
  1. Where is the processing being done?
  2. How are processors and devices connected?
  3. Where is the info stored?
  4. What rules or standards are being used?
4
Q

What is a distributed system?

A

Method to run more than one processor located at different locations

5
Q

What is the goal of a distributed system?

A

To move the most appropriate processing as close to the user as possible and let other machines run processes that they are good at.

6
Q

What is interoperability?

A

The ability for computers running different operating systems on different networds to collaborate on tasks.

7
Q

What are the two types of interoperability?

A

1) Transparent communciation via system protocols

2) Two-way flow of messages via user applications

8
Q

What is connectivity among processors?

A

The ability for each processor in a distributed system to send messages to each other via electronic links

9
Q

What are systemwide rules?

A

Rules that have been developed and are enforced for the whole distributed system

10
Q

Why is there a trend towards distributed processing?

A

Resources are more effectively used when you give more people more autonomy as to how to use their resources.

11
Q

What three things must be true for you to NOT distribute your systems?

A

1) Operations are largely interdependent
2) Business units are homogenous (e.g. they all need the same stuff)
3) Corporate culture prefers centralization

If all three are true, then do not distribute the computing

12
Q

How many types of enterprise distributed systems are there?

A

6

13
Q

What are the types of enterprise distributed systems?

A

1) Host-based Hierarchy
2) Decentralized Standalone
3) Peer-to-peer LAN
4) Hybrid Enterprise-wide
5) Client-server
6) Internet-based computers

14
Q

What are the benefits of Client-Server computing?

A
  • Distribute workload
  • Improved GUIs
  • Increased performance
  • Scalability
  • Empowers users
15
Q

What are drawbacks to Client-Server computing?

A
  • Can be more expensive

- IS management is more difficult

16
Q

What is the Enterprise Architectural Framework?

A

Provides a systematic way to design and view system archiecture

17
Q

What are the components of the Enterprise Architectural Framework?

A

The models and objectives:

  • Objective
  • Enterprise Model
  • System Model
  • Technological Model
  • Detailed Representations

Physical Manifestations of the System

  • Data Model
  • Functional Model
  • Network Model
18
Q

What are the layers of the IT Infrastructure Pyramid?

A
(Top to Bottom) 
Local Applications
Shared and Standard IT Applications 
Shared IT Services
IT Components
19
Q

Can this pyramid be scaled up? If so, how?

A

Adding different departments as their own pyramid. All share public infrastructure and enterprise-wide infrastructure

20
Q

What are the three views or reasons for investing in infrastructure?

A

1) Economies of scale
2) Support for business programs
3) Flexibility to meet changes in the marketplace

21
Q

What is the digital economy?

A

New business models, products, services, communication means and communities

22
Q

What are the three phases of the digital economy?

A

1) Revolutionized Data Processing
2) Wide variety of electronic devices
3) Exponential growth of e-commerce

23
Q

What infrastructure strategies can be used to support a company in the digital economy?

A

1) Extended enterpise - to include networks of info
2) Strategic Alliances
3) Virtual organizations