Chapter 14 - Supporting Knowledge Work Flashcards by Micah Bai

What is e-commerce?

A buying and selling of goods/service over the internet

Digitally enabled commercial transactions between and among orgs and individuals

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What are the 8 unique features of e-commerce?

1) Ubiquity
2) Global Reach
3) Universal Standards
4) Social Technology
5) Personalization/Customization
6) Information Density
7) Interactivity
8) Richness

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What does e-commerce ubiquity mean?

It means that it can be everywhere

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What does e-commerce global reach mean?

Potential market scale is roughly equivalent to the size of the internet which is ~world

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What does e-commerce universal standards mean?

Technical standards of the internet can reduce cost of entry and price of goods?>

Also make existing bus tech easier to delpy

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What does e-commerce richness mean?

E-commerce platforms can deliver video, audio and animations which can enhance richness of info about product and. service

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What does e-commerce interactivity mean?

Allows for two-way communication between bus and consumers

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What does e-commerce density mean?

Ecommerce reduces cost of collection, storage and processing data

Increases currency, accuracy and opportunities/timeliness of information making it more useful

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What does e-commerce customization mean?

Allows for customization of products and marketing messaging.

Can change prod and servuces based on consumer preferences or past behavior

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What does e-commerce social technology mean?

Using social media to increase engagement

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What are some e-commerce trends?

Size will reach $5trillion by 2021
Many business owners are taking their businesses online by creating websites and selling products/services through website
Consumer preferences are driving growth of e-commerce especially with covid
Sales are projected to reach 17.5% of retailer sales by 2021
Not selling online, missing out on opportunity to reach massive pool of potential buyers (21.8% of world pop)
US b2b ecomm will reach $1.8 trillion by 2023
73% of shoppers use multiple channels (Google, social media, email) to do their shopping
95% of all transactions are expected to be via ecomm by 2040

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What are some benefits of e-comm?

convenience and accessibility
overcomes physcial geo limitations
earning while you sleep instead of just in store hours
scalability - expand with less costs than physical store
personalizaiton - ai can be used to create a personalized shopping experinece
access to innovative tech - more ways to streamline business
affordability marketing - range of affordable marketing channels to drive people to store

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What are the types of e-commerce?

1) B2C
2) B2B
3) C2C
+
a) mobile
b) social network
c) local e-comm

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Why do customers prefer B2C ecomm?

Simplicity, More convenient and better prices

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What are the types of B2C sellers?

1) Direct sellers - e.g. Zappos, Amazon books, can be mfg, sellers
2) Intermediaries - e.g. Amazon, brokers deals between two parties
3) Fee-based - Netflix, Spotify, content on-demand for a fee, usually subscription fee
4) Advertising Based - high quality free content to attract visitors then sell ads e.g. youtube
5) Community Based - selling targeted ads based on demographics e.g. FB

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What is the key challenge for B2C ecomm?

Attracting customers

What is the projected rev growth of ecomm in us?

$95.7B 2003, ->229.9B 2008

promosing but full potential not realized
constantly increaasing rate and more due to pandemic

Canada
- in 2019 retail e-comm sailes growth by 8%

What is the difference between B2B and B2C

B2b is to business, tend to have higher order value and more recurring purchases

typically higher order value
include mfg equipment, distribution, sw etc…
prods and services needed to grow

Is B2C bigger than B2B ecomm?

No - in Canada and US B2B is about 10x bigger (~$7.6T)

- in 2020 projected to be over $9T

What is C2C ecomm?

Trade between private individuals

Consumers communicate with each other directly

e.g. online auctions

Sometimes intermediaries with flat fees, expected to grow due to cost effectiveness

projected to grow in future due to cost effectiveness

Craigslist - classified ads, very friendly, sell items
Etsy - provides advice for growth, easily handle orders
Ebay - fixed price and auction

What are the three periods of e-comm?

1995-2000 - Retail, basic static websites

selling simple retail goods
not enough bandwidth for complex
ads limited to hunches
basic static website

2000-2007 - Consolidation, web used to strengthen positions, new services online

emerged after dot com crash
large traditional firms learned how to use web
new services include travel and banking

2007 - now - Reinvention, web 2.0 with consumer devices + content

started with invention of smart phones
rise of personal devices

What are the three themes of ecomm?

Tech - Tech needed from last 50 years (e.g. web, mobile devices, DB, cloud computing etc…)

Bus - New tech presents new ways of doing bus, new strategies needed

Society - Intellectual property, ind privacy, welfare - need to understand society before conducting successful bus

Evolution of corporate computing

1950 - 1975 - mainfram computers

1970 - 1980 - mini computers - supports bus app by providing automation at cheaper price, hr, design

1980 - personal computers - desktop automation, word processors, spreadsheets

1980 - LAN/Client-server - share docs, pm, email

1990 - enterprise-wide comp - resource planning, advance resource planning

1995 - web and mobile - industrial sys automation, supply chain management, cloud

E-bus

e-bus includes all bus activities via business

- include e-commerce

E-commerce infrastructure

- collection of entities needed to run e-commerce - right infra, better bus performance Categorization: - ecomm environment - ecomm soln providers (end-to-end solution) - ecomm infra services (e.g. authentication, checkout, payment)

History of internet

- began as a search for transferring info efficiently over comp networks got to destination without being scrambled - no one predicted in first phase it would reach here - link mianframes on diff comp campuses - vulnerable if one network went down - USDD wanted to built network robust enough to survivce nuclear war - encourage expansion via marketshare

Key tech concepts

IP - comm protocols used in internet - transmission control protocol (TCP) - Internet protocol (IP) - provide end to end data comm, describe how data should be packetized, transmitted and recieved - 4 abstraaction layers (linked, internet, transport (h2h), application (p2p)) Mobile Platform - primary access to internet - 42% of cellphone users (1.84billion) are smartphone users Cloud computing - provider manges collection of sw and hw - data centers availble to many customers - single org or many orgs - sharing of resources to achieve econ of scale - avoid or minimize upfront costs - improves time of application up and running

Who governs the internet?

ICANN - assigned names and numbers IETF int eng task f - develops and promotes internet standards for protocols IRTF int res - long term issues of eng IESG eng steer group - IAB int arch board - ISOS - provide leadership in internet related standards, policies and eduction IGF int gov forum - discussion of policies, informs and inspiures policy makers WWWC - full time staff for standards of www (recall www is only one service of internet, otehrs include email) INOG int net ops group

Limitations of current internet

bandwidth - insufficent capacity in last mile, todays internet is kind of slow, not good at sharing large files quality of service limitations - latency caused by uneven distrivution of info sending language dev limitations - html not good enough network arch - cannot keep up with norms and expect of customers wired internet - based on physical cables, mobile networks overloaded

Internet 2

lead by 450 institutions - creating leading edge super high speed network for national research community - full exploiting broadband through use of new gen applications - transferring new network services and apps to all levels of education and borader world

GENI

Global Env network inn | - goal is to enhance research in comp netwroks

Future internet

- new research in internet arch - long term, several years before implement - generally slow incremental improements - provide latency solutions - guaranteed service level - lower error rates - reduce costs - IoT improvement

Web Servers and Web Clients

Web Servers & SW - Enables comps to deliver pages to clients that request - e.g. Apache - includes basic security FTP, search, data capture - captable pof making http requests and access to internet

Web 2.0

- emphasize user gen content - social network - blogs - RSS (allows users to have content sent directly to comp) - wiki - web video - internet telphone - intelligent assistants or chatbots - video conferencing

Mobile Apps

- 80% of shoppers are mobile shoppers as well - increasing use of tablets - differrent platforms and OS

Criteria for choosing ecomm infrastructure

Flexibility - easy to manage for all users, ability to respond quickly to change Usability - any failures limit ability to deliver Scalability - growth rapidly, env that does not collaps when growth high traffic, doesnt slow in peaks Security -