Chapter 13 - Binet, Piaget, and the study of intelligence and development

Question 1

alfred binet and jean piaget

Answer 1

interested in comparing individuals based on their cognitive abilities and the development of intelligence. binet focused more on the individual, quantity and intelligence, while Piaget looked more at the qualitative development of intelligence

Question 2

projective tests

Answer 2

showing people ambiguous pictures and asking about what people saw in those pictures

Question 3

charles spearman

Answer 3

had a different view of intelligence than binet. developed the two-factor intelligence theory

Question 4

william stern

Answer 4

according to him, you should not add or subtract mental and chronological ages but divide them by each other. so the mental age was divided by the chronological age; this way, you get the intelligence quotient (IQ)

Question 5

lewis terman

Answer 5

adjusted stern’s sum and multiplied the quotient by 100 resulting stanford-binet intelligence scale

Question 6

phase theory of cognitive development (piaget)

Answer 6

there are 4 major successive stages that take place between infancy and late adolescence
- sensory-motor stage
- pre-operational phase
- concrete operational
- formal operaitional phase

Question 7

sensory-motor stage

Answer 7

ages 0-2
object permanence is not yet developed: for children, objects only exist when you can see them

Question 8

pre-operational phase

Answer 8

ages 2-7
object permanence is already developed, but children have not yet developed conservation of quantity: they cannot estimate the properties of objects

Question 9

concrete operational

Answer 9

ages 7-12
the conservation problem can be solved now, but not with different solutions

Question 10

formal operational phase

Answer 10

ages 12+
the child can solve all conceptual and reasoning problems. this is the highest level, where children can think about constructs in an abstract way

Question 11

bruner

Answer 11

came up wtih the theory of mode of representation because he was interested on how children could become better at maths