Chapter 13 Practice test

Question 1

Which of the following structures is not nervous tissue associated with the spinal cord?

Answer 1

filum terminale

Question 2

The spinal cord of an adult usually ends at __________.

Answer 2

the level of the intervertebral disc between L1 and L2

Question 3

The gray matter of the spinal cord __________.

Answer 3

contains cell bodies of interneurons in the dorsal horns. is a mixture of neuronal cell bodies, non-myelinated axons, dendrites, and neuroglia

Question 4

Lumbar punctures are performed between L3 and L4 or between L4 and L5. To what depth must a needle be inserted to obtain a sample of CSF?

Answer 4

to the depth of the subarachnoid space

Question 5

Damage to the spinal cord that is limited to the descending pathways in the white matter, leaving the spinal cord motor neurons and spinal reflexes intact, resulting in __________ paralysis

Answer 5

spastic

Question 6

The main visceral control center of the body, which regulates many activities of visceral organs, is the __________.

Answer 6

hypothalamus

Question 7

The __________ coordinates body movements and has been recently discovered to play a role in language, problem solving, and task planning.

Answer 7

cerebellum

Question 8

All of the following, except __________, are functions of the medulla oblongata.

Answer 8

formation of memory

Question 9

What is the role of the superior colliculi of the corpora quadrigemina?

Answer 9

They act in visual reflexes.

Question 10

The functions of Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area are __________ and __________, respectively.

Answer 10

speech production and speech comprehension

Question 11

Every part of the brain that communicates with the cerebral cortex must relay its signals through a nucleus in the __________.

Answer 11

thalamus

Question 12

The __________ secretes melatonin, which helps the body prepare for sleep.

Answer 12

pineal gland

Question 13

Damage to which region of the brain would result in someone being unable to identify an item in his or her pocket by touch alone?

Answer 13

somatosensory association cortex

Question 14

The structure of the limbic system that allows a person to recognize menacing facial expressions and to detect the precise direction of the gaze of someone staring at him or her is the __________.

Answer 14

amygdala

Question 15

cerebral cortex is the adult brain structure for what secondary brain vesicle?

Answer 15

telencephalon

Question 16

thalamus is the adult brain structure for what secondary brain vesicle?

Answer 16

diencephalon

Question 17

brain stem: midbrain is the adult brain structure for what secondary brain vesicle?

Answer 17

mesencephalon

Question 18

a “bridge” that relays nerve impulses: contains the nuclei of cranial nerves V_VII between the cerebrum and cerebellum via the middle cerebellar peduncles

Answer 18

The pons

Question 19

The areas of the cerebral cortex involved with conscious awareness of sensation (general somatic sense, vision, hearing, balance, taste, or smell) occur in all lobes except the __________.

Answer 19

frontal lobe

Question 20

_______ results from endothelial cells in brain capillaries joined entirely by tight junctions, making those capillaries the least permeable: capillaries in the body

Answer 20

The blood_brain barrier

Question 21

Which of the following sequences of sites accurately describes the flow of cerebral spinal fluid, after it leaves the lateral ventricles?

Answer 21

interventricular foramen; third ventricle; cerebral aqueduct; fourth ventricle; median and lateral apertures; subarachnoid// space; arachnoid granulation; superior

Question 22

The function of arachnoid granulations is to __________.

Answer 22

act as valves that allow CSF to pass from the subarachnoid space into the dural blood sinuses

Question 23

Basal Nuclei

Answer 23

modulate movement in conjunction with the cerebral cortex

Question 24

Forebrain Basal Nuclei

Answer 24

play a role in learning and memory; synthesize and release acetylcholine

Question 25

Corpus Callosum

Answer 25

connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres

Question 26

Posterior association Area

Answer 26

integrates input from somatic sensory, visual, and auditory association areas; contributes to language comprehension and analysis

Question 27

Anterior association area

Answer 27

integrates input from other association areas to plan and initiate motor responses; performs cognitive functions (for example, remembering information)

Question 28

Reticular Formation

Answer 28

governs arousal of brain as a whole; maintains consciousness and alertness

Question 29

allows one to shift between thoughts and express emotions through gestures.

Answer 29

cingulate gyrus

Question 30

__________ disease is characterized by slow, jerky movements, tremors, and great difficulty in initiating voluntary movements; it results from degeneration of a portion of the substantia nigra, or nigro-striatal dopamine pathway.

Answer 30

Parkinson's,

Question 31

What and where is the "ventral stream"?

Answer 31

a visual processing center responsible for recognizing objects; located in the inferior temporal lobe

Question 32

Smells trigger emotions because of the rhinencephalon's close association with the __________ system.

Answer 32

limbic

Question 33

The __________ cortex processes taste information from the tongue.

Answer 33

gustatory

Question 34

The functions of the hypothalamus overlap with functions of the medulla oblongata in what respect?

Answer 34

in helping to regulate heart rate and blood pressure

Question 35

__________ tracts control precise and skilled voluntary movements such as writing and threading a needle.

Answer 35

Pyramidal

Question 36

the "gateway" to the cerebral cortex

Answer 36

a relay station for sensory information ascending to most of the primary sensory areas of the cerebral cortex: the "gateway" to the cerebral cortex