Chapter 14/15/16 : Peripheral NS

Question 0

what are the types of nerves that may be found?

Answer 0

mixed, motor, sensory

Question 1

what is inside a nerve?

Answer 1

organized bundles of axons

Question 2

what are nerves called that are connected to the spinal cord?

Answer 2

spinal nerves

Question 3

how many spinal nerves are there?

Answer 3

31 pairs

Question 4

nerves that connect to the brain or brainstem are called what?

Answer 4

cranial nerves

Question 5

how many cranial nerves are there?

Answer 5

12 pairs

Question 6

almost all the nerves in the spinal cord are what kind of nerves?

Answer 6

mixed

Question 7

what are the components of spinal nerve attachments?

Answer 7

• anterior and posterior root
• posterior root ganglion
• spinal nerve

Question 8

what are the connections between spinal nerves called?

Answer 8

ganglion of sympathetic chain

Question 9

what connects the ganglion of sympathetic chains to the spinal nerve that are only found on spinal nerves in thoracic regions.

Answer 9

rami communicantes

Question 10

sensory information travels into the spinal cord along what?

Answer 10

posterior root

Question 11

motor information travels out from the spinal cord along what?

Answer 11

anterior root

Question 12

what neurons come from the lateral horn in the spine?

Answer 12

autonomic motor neurons

Question 13

what neurons come from the posterior horn?

Answer 13

interneurons and sensory axons

Question 14

what neurons comes from the anterior horn?

Answer 14

somatic motor neurons

Question 15

spinal nerves in certain areas of spinal cord intertwine to create a network called a ___

Answer 15

plexus

Question 16

what are the three major plexus that we are going to focus on?

Answer 16

• brachial plexus
• lumbar plexus
• sacral plexus

Question 17

what are the major nerves we need to know in the brachial plexus?

Answer 17

• radial nerve
• median nerve
• ulnar nerve

Question 18

what is movements/muscles innervated by the ulnar nerve?

Answer 18

• mostly hand muscles

- a few finger/wrist flexors

Question 19

what are the cutaneous (sensory) innervations of the ulnar nerve?

Answer 19

medial third of hand, little finger, and medial half of ring finger

Question 20

what is movements/muscles innervated by the median nerve?

Answer 20

• forearm pronators
• wrist flexors
• finger flexors
• thumb movers

Question 21

what cutaneous (sensory) innervation are controlled by the median nerve?

Answer 21

• lateral two thirds of palm
• thumb
• lateral half of the ring finger
• dorsal tips of the same finger

Question 22

what is movements/muscles innervated by the radial nerve?

Answer 22

• triceps brachii (all heads)
• wrist extenders
• finger/thumb extenders
• supinator
• brachioradialis

Question 23

what cutaneous (sensory) innervations does the radial nerve control?

Answer 23

• posterior surface of arm and forearm

- lateral two-thirds of dorsum of hand

Question 24

what main nerves do we need to know in the lumbar plexus?

Answer 24

- femoral nerve - obturator nerve - saphenous nerve (continuation of femoral nerve)

Question 25

what is movements/muscles innervated by the femoral nerve?

Answer 25

- quadriceps muscles - sartorius - Iliopsoas - pectineus

Question 26

what are the cutaneous (sensory) innervations of the femoral nerve?

Answer 26

- anterior lateral branches supply the anterior and lateral thigh - saphenous branch supplies the medial leg and foot

Question 27

what is movements/muscles innervated by the obturator plexus

Answer 27

leg adductors (except pectineus)

Question 28

what are the cutaneous (sensory) innervations from the obturator nerve?

Answer 28

superior medial side of thigh

Question 29

what are the main nerves we need to know from the sacral plexus?

Answer 29

- sciatic nerve - common fibular nerve - tibial nerve

Question 30

the common fibular nerve and the tibial nerve are both divisions of what nerve?

Answer 30

sciatic

Question 31

what is movements/muscles innervated by the tibial nerve?

Answer 31

- hamstring muscles (except short head of biceps femoris - plantarflexors (gastrocnemius, soleus, Tibialis posterior) - toe flexors

Question 32

what is the cutaneous (sensory) innervations by the tibial nerve?

Answer 32

sole of foot

Question 33

what is movements/muscles innervated by the common fibular nerve?

Answer 33

- short head of the biceps femoris - fibularis muscles - tibialis anterior - toe extensors

Question 34

what cutaneous (sensory) innervations are controlled by the common fibular nerve?

Answer 34

- lateral surface of knee - dorsal anterior third of leg and dorsum of foot - great and second toe

Question 35

what are the types of cranial nerves?

Answer 35

sensory motor mixed

Question 36

what are the names of all the cranial nerves?

Answer 36

``` I olfactory nerve II optic III oculomotor IV trochlear V trigeminal VI abducens VII facial VIII vestibulocochlear IX glossopharyngeal X vagus XI accessory XII hypoglossal ```

Question 37

``` for each of the nerves, tell wether that are sensory, motor, or both. I olfactory nerve II optic III oculomotor IV trochlear V trigeminal VI abducens VII vestibulocochlear IX glossopharyngeal X vagus XI accessory XII hypoglossal ```

Answer 37

``` I - sensory II - sensory III - motor IV - motor V - both VI - motor VII - both VIII - sensory IX - both X - both XI - motor XII - motor ```

Question 38

__ are sensory fibers that transmit impulses associated with the sense of smell

Answer 38

I olfactory nerve

Question 39

__ are sensory fibers that transmit impulses associated with the sense of vision.

Answer 39

II optic nerve

Question 40

__ are motor fibers that transmit impulses to muscle that raise eyelids, move eyes, adjust the amount os light entering the eyes, focus lens

Answer 40

III oculomotor nerve

Question 41

__ are motor fibers that transmit impulses to muscles that move eyes

Answer 41

IV trochlear nerve

Question 42

__ are sensory fibers transmit impulses from the surface of the eyes, tear glands, scalp, forehead, and upper eyelids. sensory fibers transmit impulses from the upper teeth, upper gum, upper lip, lining of the palate, and skin of the face. sensory fibers transmit impulses from the skin of the jaw, lower teeth, lower gum, and lower lip.

Answer 42

V trigeminal nerve

Question 43

__ are motor fibers that transmit impulses to muscles that move the eyes

Answer 43

VI abducens

Question 44

__ are sensory fibers that transmit impulses associated with taste receptors of the anterior tongue. Motor fibers transmit impulses to muscles of facial expression, tear glands, and salivary glands.

Answer 44

VII facial nerve

Question 45

__ are sensory fibers that transmit impulses associated with the sense of equilibrium. sensory fibers transmit impulses associated with the sense of hearing.

Answer 45

VIII vestibulocochlear nerve

Question 46

__ are sensory fibers that transmit impulses from the pharynx, tonsils, posterior tongue, and carotid arteries. motor fibers transmit impulses to muscle of the pharynx used in swallowing and to salivary glands

Answer 46

IX glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 47

__ are somatic motor fibers that transmit impulses to muscles associated with speech and swallowing ; autonomic motor fibers transmit impulses to the heart, smooth muscles, and glands in the thorax and abdomen. sensory fibers transmit impulses from the pharynx, larynx, esophagus, and viscera of the thorax and abdomen.

Answer 47

X vagus nerve

Question 48

__ are motor fibers that transmit impulses to muscles of the soft palate, pharynx, and larynx and to the muscles of the neck and back.

Answer 48

XI accessory nerve

Question 49

__ are motor fibers that transmit impulses to muscles that move the tongue.

Answer 49

XII hypoglossal