Chapter 14 : Nervous System

Question 0

What are the two ways to approach the nervous system?

Answer 0

• structural breakdown

- functional breakdown

Question 1

The __ is the bodies main communications and control system.

Answer 1

Nervous system

Question 2

what are the main divisions of structural breakdown?

Answer 2

CNS (central nervous system)

PNS (peripheral nervous system)

Question 3

What are the categories of functional breakdown?

Answer 3

sensory (incoming signals) vs. motor (outgoing signals)

Question 4

What is the CNS composed of?

Answer 4

• brain
• brain stem
• spinal cord

Question 5

what is the role of the CNS?

Answer 5

• information consolidation

- processing

Question 6

what is the PNS composed of?

Answer 6

• cranial nerves

- spinal nerves

Question 7

what is the job of the PNS?

Answer 7

carry information to and from the CNS

Question 8

sensroy neurons (arrive to/ come from) the CNS

Answer 8

arrive to the brain from the body

Question 9

motor neurons (arrive to / come from) the CNS?

Answer 9

come from to the body

Question 10

The __ transmits information from the CNS to the rest of the body, and sends motor information to effectors.

Answer 10

Motor nervous system

Question 11

the __ are “voluntary” nervous systems that innervates skeletal muscle.

Answer 11

somatic motor

Question 12

The __ are “involuntary” nervous systems that innervate cardiac muscle, sooth muscle and glands

Answer 12

Autonomic motor

Question 13

Where does the motor nervous system come from?

Answer 13

The CNS

Question 14

where do the somatic and autonomic motors come from?

Answer 14

The motor nervous system

Question 15

The __ contains receptors and transmits information rom receptors to CNS.

Answer 15

sensory nervous system

Question 16

The __ receives sensory information from skin, fascia, joints, skeletal muscle, special senses.

Answer 16

somatic sensory

Question 17

The __ receives sensory information from the viscera.

Answer 17

visceral sensory.

Question 18

The somatic and visceral sensory comes from what?

Answer 18

receptors

Question 19

where does the sensory nervous system come from?

Answer 19

the somatic and visceral sensory

Question 20

What are the two main classifications of cells in neural tissue?

Answer 20

• neurons

- glial cells

Question 21

__ generate and and carry electrical signals

Answer 21

neurons

Question 22

__ perform various supportive functions such as protecting neuron, regulate inonic balance in tissue, immune functions, etc.

Answer 22

glial cells

Question 23

The __ is where the majority of cells mechanics resides, it is the where signal integration occurs

Answer 23

cell body / soma

Question 24

The __ is the receiving end of the neuron that collect electrical signals

Answer 24

Dendrites

Question 25

The __ is between the soma and the axon.

Answer 25

axon hillock

Question 26

The __ is for signal transmission by passing signals onto other cells by releasing neurotransmitters

Answer 26

axon

Question 27

This structure had a soma that sits between a receiving line of dendrites and and axon.

Answer 27

Bipolar neuron

Question 28

This structure has one line connected to the soma where information from dendrites comes in and signals leave the soma.

Answer 28

unipolar neuron

Question 29

This structure has a some with multiple dendrites connected to it along with an axon connected to the soma too.

Answer 29

multipolar neuron

Question 30

What are some examples of bipolar sensory neurons?

Answer 30

photoreceptors | olfactory receptors

Question 31

What are some examples of unipolar neurons?

Answer 31

hair cells taste receptors somatic sensory neurons visceral sensory neurons

Question 32

What are some example of multipolar neurons?

Answer 32

skeletal muscle cardiac muscle smooth muscle glands

Question 33

___ are cells that detect light

Answer 33

photoreceptor

Question 34

__ are cells that can detect odorants

Answer 34

olfactory receptors

Question 35

__ are cells that can detects fluid movements in the inner ear

Answer 35

hair cells

Question 36

what kind of receptors does the skin have?

Answer 36

touch receptors pressure receptors temperature receptors pain receptors

Question 37

What kind of receptors do internal organs have?

Answer 37

stretch receptors chemical receptors temperature receptors pain receptors

Question 38

What are some examples of somatic sensory neurons?

Answer 38

``` photoreceptors olfactory receptors hair cells taste receptors various skin receptors skeletal muscle ```

Question 39

what are some examples of visceral sensory neurons?

Answer 39

- internal organs (heart, stomach)

Question 40

what are some example of where autonomic sensory neurons are?

Answer 40

heart stomach glands (adrenal glands)

Question 41

Where are interneurons found?

Answer 41

between sensory neurons between motor neurons in spinal cord between sensory and motor neurons

Question 42

what are the types of receptors for sensory neurons?

Answer 42

- somatic receptors | - visceral receptors

Question 43

what are the types of effectors for motor neurons?

Answer 43

- somatic | - autonomic

Question 44

__ gather information about environment from body exterior.

Answer 44

somatic receptors

Question 45

__ gathers information about internal organs from inside body.

Answer 45

visceral receptors

Question 46

__ are classified as non-neural cells in nervous tissue.

Answer 46

neuroglia

Question 47

what are the different types of neuroglia cells?

Answer 47

- astrocytes - ependymal cells - microglial cells - oligodendrocyte - neurolemmocytes

Question 48

an end foot is found on what kind of neuroglia cells?

Answer 48

astrocytes

Question 49

__ regulates the environment that neurons live in

Answer 49

astrocytes

Question 50

__ provide immune survalence and defense

Answer 50

microglial cells

Question 51

__ are a type of neuroglia found on brain or spinal cord tissue

Answer 51

ependymal cells

Question 52

__ are a type of neuroglia cells that are found around nerve fibers in the CNS

Answer 52

oligodendrocytes

Question 53

__ are a type of neuroglia cells that are found around nerve fibers.

Answer 53

neurolemmocytes

Question 54

which neuroglia cells are found in the CNS and which are found in the PNS?

Answer 54

CNS : astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells , oligodendrocytes PNS : neurolemmocytes

Question 55

__ surrounds axons of many (but not all) neurons and acts as insulation so signal travels faster and reduces interference from nearby axons

Answer 55

Myelin