Chapter 16-19 Flashcards
(107 cards)
1
Q
A pts or residents room, also referred to as a ____, will vary in the way it is set up according to the type of facility and the needs of the person
A
unit
2
Q
Serves as the central base of operation for the nursing staff
A
nurses station
3
Q
Used to store meds and the supplies for administering meds
A
medication room
4
Q
Used to store clean and sterile supplies
A
clean utility room
5
Q
Where dirty items are handling and stored
A
soiled utility room
6
Q
Soiled utility rooms often have a _____, a sink like fixture that flushes like a toilet, used for cleaning bed pans and rinsing soiled linen
A
hopper
7
Q
Where snacks and beverage are stored and prepared for pts and residents
A
nourishment room
8
Q
The aspects of residents environment is regulated by ____
A
OBRA
9
Q
Essential for controlling the spread of infection and odors
A
cleanliness
10
Q
Ways to help with minimize ____:
- keep lids down on laundry and waste containers
- empty and clean emesis basins, urinals, bedside commodes, and bedpans
- air freshner
- assist your pt with routine personal care
- pay attention to your personal hygiene
A
odor
11
Q
Provides fresh air and keeps air circulating
- carries away odor
- keeping air from becoming stale
- keeps room from getting stuffy
A
ventilation system
12
Q
People who are ill, elderly, or relatively inactive may prefer a ____ room temp
A
warmer
13
Q
Provides overall illumination _____
Directs bright light toward a specific area ____
A
general lightning
task lighting
14
Q
Ways to minimize ____:
- headphones
- answer phone promptly
- report loud equipment
- be aware of your voice volume
A
noise
15
Q
_____ commonly referred to as a hospital bed, is used in most health care settings
A
adjustable bed
16
Q
The mattress platforms of most adjustable beds have joints at the hip and knees, which allow the mattress to break or bend, these joints are called _____
A
gatches
17
Q
Foot of the mattress is raised so that the persons head is lower than her feet
-used for people in shock to get blood flow to the heart
A
trendelenburgs position
18
Q
Head of the mattress is raised so the persons head is higher than their feet
-used for spinal cord, back injury, and traction
A
reverse trendelenburgs position
19
Q
A _____ is useful for residents who may roll out of bed or get out of bed without calling for assistance
A
low bed
20
Q
Fits over the bed or chair and can be raised or lowered as needed
A
over-bed tables
21
Q
Used for pts to alert a staff member that they need help
A
call light
22
Q
Branch of medicine that specializes in the tx of obesity
A
bariatrics
23
Q
The official entry of a person into a health care setting
- time for orientation for new pt and health care team
- can be stressful for both pt and family as they adjust to change
A
admission
24
Q
____ for long term care:
- most do not choose to be admitted
- admitted after a crisis
- may require a quick decision when choosing facility
- family may realize no longer able to provide care
- physically, emotionally, and financially draining
- feeling of guilt from family
A
concerns
25
The ____ process
- orders are written by the doctor
- the admissions coordinator or admission nurse helps the person to complete an admission sheet
- person is escorted to their room
- nurses complete the nursing hx
- nursing assistant takes vital signs and helping the person to become oriented to the room
admission
26
Gathers information about the person such as, name, address, date of birth, social security number, gender, insurance and employment information, and advanced directive information
admission sheet
27
Making a new pt feel _____:
- prepare room before arrival
- greet person warmly and introduce yourself
- help person settle into new home
- practice good communication skills
welcome
28
Gathers information about a persons preference, abilities, disabilities, and habits
nursing history
29
Document that list and briefly describes all the residents personal belongings
resident inventory sheet
30
A _____ occurs whenever a pt is moved within or between health care settings:
- from one room to another
- one unit to another
- one health care facility to another
- can be necessary due to changes in persons medical condition
transfer
31
A _____ must be safe
- pt and belongings must be treated with respect
- nurse is usually responsible for reporting information to accepting RN
- if going to a long term facility, you may report personal care information to the receiving nursing assistant
transfer
32
_____ is the official release of the person from a health care facility back home
discharge
33
When a person leaves health care setting without a doctors order, the person is said to leave _____
against medical advice (AMA)
34
Used by the members of the health care team to help prepare a pt or resident to leave the facility
- the process that helps identify the needs of a person after his discharge and makes arrangements for meeting these needs
- begun at the time of admission
discharge planning
35
The _____ responsibilities during discharge:
- helping pt pack personal items
- having the person ready to leave on time
- assisting person out of the facility
nursing assistant
36
- promote comfort and well-being of pt
- important for infection control
- helps with skin breakdown and pressure ulcer formation
- a neat well-made bed is a sign of capable,competent care by the facility
bedmaking
37
Think layer of padding that is placed on the mattress to help make the bed more comfortable for the pts and to protect the mattress from moisture and soiling
mattress pads
38
Small, flat sheet that is placed over the middle of the bottom sheet covering the area of the bed from above the persons shoulders to below the buttocks
draw sheets
39
A draw sheet that is used to help lift or reposition a person in bed
lift sheet
40
A square of quilted absorbent fabric backed with waterproof material
- approximately 3 ft by 3 feet
- it can be disposable or laundered
- used for pts that are incontinent or have draining wounds
- sometimes this is the only thing that needs to be changed
bed protector
41
Lightweight cotton blanket or flannel sheet that is used provide modesty and warmth during a bed bath
bath blanket
42
Placed on top of the regular mattress to help prevent skin breakdown for pts that stay in bed for a long period of time
-some can be filled with air or water
pressure relieving mattress
43
Piece of wood that is placed under the mattress to provide extra support
- keeps the mattress from sagging and keeps body aligned
- most common in long term care
bed board
44
A padded board that is placed upright at the foot of the bed
-keeps the feet in proper alignment
foot board
45
_____ that are commonly used:
- mattress pad
- bottom and top sheets
- draw sheets
- bed protectors
- blankets
- bedspreads
- pillow and pillowcases
- bath blankets
linens
46
Other equipment and supplies are used depending on the persons ____:
- pressure relieving mattress
- bed board
- bed cradle
- footboard
needs
47
Has elasticized sides that wrap around and underneath the mattress, holding the pad securely to the mattress
fitted mattress pad
48
Pad is not secured to the mattress
flat (non-fitted) mattress pad
49
```
Bed is made with _____ sheets:
Bottom sheet may be
-flat, or non fited
-fitted
The top sheet is a flat sheet
-can be white or colored
```
two
50
A ____ adds the finishing touch to a well made bed and can add a decorative touch to a persons room
-allowing a person to use their own from home is one way to foster a sense of independence and individuality
bedspreads
51
Metal frame that is placed between the bottom and top sheets to keep the top sheet, the blanket, and the bedspread away from persons feet
- used for people with burns to keep top sheet from touching the pt
- used for pts at risk for pressure sores
bed cradle
52
Do not hold linens ____ to your uniform
close
53
Wear gloves when removing used linens from a bed
| -roll the linens _____ the center of the bed to confine the soiled area inside
toward
54
____ is a way of folding and tucking the sheet so that it lies flat and neat against the mattress
mitering
55
When the top sheet, blanket, and bedspread of a closed bed are turned back, or fanfolded, the closed bed becomes an _____ or a bed ready to receive a pt
-the bed wheels should always be locked and in lower position
open
56
A closed bed that has been opened to receive a pt who will be arriving by stretcher
surgical bed
57
Some conditions make it difficult for a person to get out of bed for a linen change, when this is the case, it is necessary to change the linens while the person is still in bed, this is called an _____
occupied bed
58
Always place linens so that the seams are ____ from pts face and skin
away
59
Key measurements that provide essential information about overall health status
- how fast heart is beating, internal temp of body, and rate of breathing
- indicates how well the body is functioning
- if indicates change, person may be in or have an injury
vital signs
60
Vital signs are taking when specified on ____ or ____:
- long term care facility: once daily or weekly, and as needed
- hospital: every shift or every few hours, and as needed
nursing care plan or doctors orders
61
____ is important: many people rely on these measurements to make decisions about the persons care
-report an abnormal measurement immediately
accuracy
62
It is the difference between heat produced and heat lost by the body
- body heat is produced as a normal process of metabolism
- regulated by thermoregulatory center located in the brain
body temperature
63
The physical and chemical changes that occur when the cells of the body change the food that we eat into energy
metabolism
64
- physical or emotional stress
- environmental temperature
- time of the day
- age
- gender
Factors affecting _____
body temperature
65
Measured in either degrees Fahrenheit or Celsuis
- mouth: oral
- rectum: rectal
- armpit: axillary
- ear: tympanic
- forehead: temporal
These are measurements of _____
body temperature
66
- glass
- electric
- tympanic
- temporal
These are types of ____
thermometers
67
Adult oral temperature is _____
97.6-99.6 F
68
Normal body temp ranges from ____ to ____ above or below the range considered normal
0.5-1 F
69
Increased body temperature
- person is said to be febrile
- doctor may order an antipyretic (fever reducing) drug
pyrexia
70
When the heart beats, it sends a wave, or ____ of blood through the arteries
- look for rate and a rhythm
- pulse amplitude
pulse
71
Irregular pulse rhythm is called _____
dysrhythmia
72
- physical activity (increases the bodys need for O2 and nutrients
- anger and anxiety, illness, pain, fever, and excitement
- certain meds
Are factors that can affect _____
pulse
73
The force or quality of the pulse
pulse amplitude
74
Taken by placing fingers over the radial artery (inside the wrist)
radial pulse
75
Taken by listening over the apex of the heart with a stethoscope
apical pulse
76
The difference between the apical pulse and the radial pulse, requires two team members pulse at both locations at same time
pulse deficit
77
Always measure for a _____ in children younger than 12
full minute
78
- temporal
- carotid
- apical
- brachial
- radial
- femoral
- dorsalis pedis
- posterior tibial
- popliteal
These are all _____
pulse points
79
Places where the arteries run close to the surface of the skin, allowing the pulse to be felt
pulse points
80
A rapid heart rate, or pulse rate of more than 100 beats per minute for an adult
tachycardia
81
A heart rate that is slower than normal, that is a pulse rate of less than 60 beats per minute
-may be normal in some people
bradycardia
82
Normal pulse rate for adult _____
60 to 100
83
Is accomplished through ventilation
respiration
84
_____ is inhalation of O2 and exhalation of carbon dioxide
ventilation
85
When measuring ____ look for:
- rate
- rhythm
- depth
- abnormal sounds
respiration
86
Number of times person breathes in 1 minute (one breath is one inhalation and exhalation
-best to count after pulse with fingers still on wrist because its easier for pt to control breathing
respiration rate
87
Regularity with which a person breaths
respiration rhythm
88
The quality of each breath
depth of respiration
89
Normal respiratory rate is called ____
- ____ to ____ times a minute for adults
- higher for infants and children
eupnea
12 to 20
90
- tachypnea
- bradypnea
- dyspnea
- hyperventilation
- hypoventilation
Are abnormal _____
respiratory pattern
91
Respiratory rate that is higher than normal (greater than 24 breaths)
tachypnea
92
Respiratory rate that is lower than normal (less than 10 breaths)
bradypnea
93
Labored or difficult respirations
dyspnea
94
The force that the blood exerts against the arterial walls
- two pressure levels: systolic and diastolic
- measured in mm or mercury and recorded in fraction
blood pressure
95
The difference between systolic and diastolic is ____
pulse pressure
96
- cardiac output
- blood volume
- resistance to blood flow
- age
- gender
- race
Are factors that affect ____
blood pressure
97
Amount of blood that the heart is able to pump with each beat
cardiac output
98
The amount of blood in the vessel at any given time influences the blood pressure
blood volume
99
How hard it is for the blood to flow through the vessels
resistance to blood flow
100
- faint but clear sounds, first tapping is systolic
| - last sound heard before continuous silence is diastolic
korotkoff sounds
101
_____ can move up and down within a range of normal during the course of the day and activity level of the individual
Abnormal ranges
- hypertention
- hypotention
- orthostatic hypotension
blood pressure
102
Blood pressure for normal adult _____
- influenced by chronic condition or medication
- increased tendency for fluctuation due to postural changes, physical exertion, and illness
120/80
103
Measure pulse and respiration ____ in children 5 yrs and younger
first
104
Sudden decrease in blood pressure that occurs when a person stands up from sitting or lying position
orthostatic hypotention
105
A persons _____
- provides insight into overall health and nutritional status
- often used to calculate medication dosage
Measure ___ on admission and on transfer or discharge
Measure ____ on admission and at regular intervals
weight
height
weight
106
____ is measured in feet and inches or centimeters
____ is measured in pounds or kilograms
Ways of measurement:
- upright scale
- chair scale
- tape measure and sling scale
height
weight
107
- always measure at the same time of day
- always measure with same type of clothes on and no shoes
- always measure with empty bladder
When monitoring ____
weight
