Chapter 16

Question 1

a union is what?

Answer 1

a formal association of workers that promotes the interests of its members through collective action

Question 2

workers join unions primarily because of what?

Answer 2

managements failure to address organizational and job related concerns

Question 3

the history of unions in the united states indicates that they primarily focus on what 3 things?

Answer 3

1. wages
2. hours
3. working conditions

Question 4

current union membership as a percentage of the workforce is what?

Answer 4

down dramatically by being less than 12% of the civilian workforce

Question 5

unions in general have experienced a decline in membership because of what 3 changes?

Answer 5

1. geographic
2. industrial
3. workforce

Question 6

in attempts to grow unions are tarketing what 4 types of workers?

Answer 6

1. professionals
2. low skilled workers
3. contingent workers
4. part-time workers

Question 7

3 laws provide the foundation of labor law and the legal basis for labor relations today. what are they?

Answer 7

1. the wagner act
2. taft-hartley act
3. landrum-griffin act

Question 8

the wagner act was designed to do what?

Answer 8

protect unions and workers

Question 9

the taft-hartley act did what?

Answer 9

restored some powers to management

Question 10

the landrum-griffin act was passed to do what?

Answer 10

protect individual union members

Question 11

the unionization process includes what? 5 things

Answer 11

1. organizing campaign
2. authorization cards
3. a representation election
4. certification and decertification
5. contract negotiation through collective bargaining

Question 12

collective bargaining occurs when what?

Answer 12

management negotiates with representatives of workers over wages, hours, and working conditions

Question 13

the issues subject to collective bargaining fall into 3 categories what are they?

Answer 13

1. mandatory
2. permissive
3. illegal

Question 14

when an impasse occurs during bargaining what happens?

Answer 14

work stoppages through strikes or lockouts can be used to pressure the other party

Question 15

grievances express what?

Answer 15

workers’ written dissatisfactions or differences in contract interpretations

Question 16

a grievance procedure begins with what?

Answer 16

the first-level supervisor and may end - if the grievance is not resolved along the way - with arbitration by a third party

Question 17

what ar ethe 2 general reasons people joing unions?

Answer 17

1. dont like how they get trated by their employers

2. they believe that unions can impro e their work situations

Question 18

union?

Answer 18

a formal association of workers that promotes the interests of its members through collective action

Question 19

what acts was passed in the 1930’s that gave unions the legal right to exist?

Answer 19

national labor relations act (NLRA)

Question 20

what 4 factors leader to employee unionization?

Answer 20

1. working conditions
2. compensation
3. management style
4. employee treatment

Question 21

yellow dog contracts?

Answer 21

pledges by workers not to join a labor union

Question 22

protected concerted activities?

Answer 22

actions taken by employees working together to try to improve their pay and working conditions, with or without a union

Question 23

unfair labor practices?

Answer 23

actions that employers are legally prohibited from taking to prevent employees from unionizing

Question 24

right to work laws

Answer 24

state laws that prohibit requiring employees to join unions as a condition of obtaining or continuing employment

Question 25

open shop

Answer 25

employer in which workers are not required to join or pay dues to a union

Question 26

closed shop?

Answer 26

employer that requires individuals to join a union before they can be hired

Question 27

microunit

Answer 27

bargaining unit that includes only one job category or department within a company

Question 28

what are the two ways the process of unionizing workers may begin?

Answer 28

1. a union targets an industry, a region, or a company | 2. employees request union representation

Question 29

no solicitation policy

Answer 29

policy that restricts employees and outsiders from distributing literature or soliciting union membership on company employees

Question 30

salting?

Answer 30

Practice in which unions hire and pay people to apply for jobs at certain companies to begin organizing efforts

Question 31

Union authorization card

Answer 31

Signed by employees to designate a union as their collective bargaining agent Shows that the employees would like the opportunity to vote on having a union

Question 32

Bargaining unit

Answer 32

Employees eligible to select a single union to represent and bargain collectively for them

Question 33

Proposed Employee Free Choice Act | Allows unions to do what two things?

Answer 33

1. Sign up workers on cards | 2. Become recognized without an election by secret ballot

Question 34

Strikes

Answer 34

Work stoppage in which union members refuse to work in order to put pressure on an employer

Question 35

Lockout

Answer 35

Shutdown of company operations undertaken by management to prevent union members from working

Question 36

Grievance

Answer 36

Complaint formally stated in writing

Question 37

Grievance arbitration? what are the common concerns

Answer 37

``` - Means by which a third party settles disputes arising from different interpretations of a labor contract Common concerns: 1. Discipline and discharge 2. Safety and health 3. Security ```