Chapter 16 Cerbrovascular Gross Anatomy

Question 1

The right CCA is a branch of the

Answer 1

Right innominate

Question 2

The left CCA is a branch of the

Answer 2

Aortic arch

Question 3

The majority of blood flows into the

A) ICA
B) ECA

Answer 3

A) ICA

Question 4

What artery travels into the base of the skull without branching

Answer 4

ICA

Question 5

Name the 2 intracranial branches

Answer 5

1) opthalamic artery
2) posterior communicating artery

Question 6

What artery originates near the carotid siphon and is a significant curve of the ICA

Answer 6

Ophthalamic artery

Question 7

What artery terminates in the MCA and ACA

Answer 7

ICA

Question 8

What artery distributes blood to low resistance vascular beds

Answer 8

ICA

Question 9

What is the first branch of the ECA

Answer 9

Superior thyroid artery

Question 10

What artery distributes blood to high resistive vascular beds

Answer 10

ECA

Question 11

What is the first branch off the subclavian artery

Answer 11

Vertebral artery

Question 12

This artery is usually smaller than the left and unites after entering the skull to form the basilar artery

Answer 12

Vertebral artery

Question 13

What artery is formed by the confluence of the vertebral arteries

Answer 13

Basilar artery

Question 14

What artery divides into posterior cerebral arteries

Answer 14

Basilar artery

Question 15

The _______ of ______ is a hexagonal arrangement of distal _____ and _____ joined together by the ______ and joined together by the _______

Answer 15

Circle of Willis
ICA and ACA
Acomm and Pcomm

Question 16

What artery arises from the ophthalmic artery and travels anteriorly and superiorly to the globe

Answer 16

Supraorbital artery

Question 17

What artery arises from the ophthalmic artery and exits the orbit medially to supply the mid forehead and joins the ECA via some of its branches

Answer 17

Frontal artery

Question 18

What is the largest intra-arterial connection

Answer 18

Circle of Willis

Question 19

The total fluid energy along a streamline of fluid flow is constant is called the

Answer 19

Bernoulli principle

Question 20

How are velocity and pressure related

Answer 20

Inversely

Question 21

How are velocity and area related

Answer 21

Inversely

Question 22

Name 3 things that cause energy loss through inertia

Answer 22

1) eddy currents
2) turbulence
3) vortices

Question 23

_________ causes increased energy losses

Answer 23

Acceleration

Question 24

Obstruction of a blood vessel by a piece of thrombus is called

Answer 24

Thromboembolic

Question 25

_________ is large amounts of red blood cells trapped within a fibrin network

Answer 25

Thrombus

Question 26

________ is a piece of thrombus that breaks loose and travels distally until it lodges in a small vessel

Answer 26

Embolism

Question 27

What is a localized dilatation of blood vessels due to congenital defects or weakness of the wall

Answer 27

Aneurysm

Question 28

What results from a sudden tear in the intima and creates a false lumen which may gradually extend proximally or distally

Answer 28

Dissection

Question 29

This is the most commonly caused by dysplasia of the media along with overgrowth of collagen

Answer 29

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD)

Question 30

Where is a carotid body normally located

Answer 30

Just above the carotid bifurcation

Question 31

Intimal thickening from rapid production of smooth muscle cells is called

Answer 31

Neointimal hyperplasia

Question 32

_____________ is a rhythmic throbbing of an artery in time with the heart beat

Answer 32

Palpation

Question 33

Name the 4 common sites to palpate

Answer 33

1) Common carotid 2) superficial temporal 3) subclavian 4) axillary artery

Question 34

_________ is listening through a stethoscope

Answer 34

Auscultation

Question 35

_______ is a noose heart as a result of turbulent flow

Answer 35

Bruit

Question 36

Name 2 common sites for bruit evaluation

Answer 36

1) carotid 2) subclavian

Question 37

Specific eye symptoms example amaurosis fugax are suggestive of _________ _______ disease

Answer 37

Ipsilateral ICA

Question 38

_________ ________ is weakness or slight paralysis on one side of the body

Answer 38

Unilateral paresis

Question 39

_________ ________ is prickling or tingling of the skin

Answer 39

Unilateral paresthesia

Question 40

______ inability to speak

Answer 40

Aphasia

Question 41

________ _______ is temporary, partial, or total blindness usually of one eye

Answer 41

Amaurosis fugax

Question 42

_______ is commonly referred to as nearsightedness

Answer 42

Myopia

Question 43

Name 4 symptoms that are frequently seen with an ICA lesion

Answer 43

1) unilateral paresis 2) unilateral paresthesia 3) aphasia 4) amaurosis fagux

Question 44

________ is difficulty in maintaining equilibrium

Answer 44

Vertigo

Question 45

________ muscular uncoordination

Answer 45

Ataxia

Question 46

Name 5 symptoms frequently seen with verterbrobasilar lesion

Answer 46

1) vertigo 2 ataxia 3) bilateral visual blurring 4) bilateral paresthesia or anesthesia 5) drop attack

Question 47

_______ is a sensation or whirling with a tendency to fall

Answer 47

Dizziness

Question 48

_______ is transient loss of consciousness

Answer 48

Syncope