Section 1 Arterial Eval Flashcards
1
Q
What is the first branch of the aortic arch
A
Coronary artery
2
Q
What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
A
1) Innominate/brachiocephalic
2) left common carotid
3) left subclavian artery
3
Q
What is another name for the innominate artery
A
Brachiocephalic
4
Q
The innominate artery divides into
A
1) right common carotid
2) subclavian artery
5
Q
The innominate artery arises on what side
A) right
B) left
A
A) right
6
Q
What upper extremity artery runs lateral to outer border of 1st rib becoming the axillary artery
A
Subclavian artery
7
Q
The axillary artery becomes
A
The brachial artery
8
Q
What artery arches above the clavicle in front is the apex of lung and behind the scalenus anterior muscle
A
Subclavian artery
9
Q
The brachial artery branches into what 2 arteries
A
1) radial
2) ulnar
10
Q
What artery travels down the lateral side of the forearm into the hand
A
Radial
11
Q
The radial artery branches to form the
A
Superficial palmar (volar) arch
12
Q
What is another name for palmar
A
Volar
13
Q
The radial artery terminated in ______ ______ arch by joining deep branch of the ulnar artery
A
Deep palmar
14
Q
What artery travels down the medial side of the forearm into the hand
A
Ulnar artery
15
Q
The ulnar artery branches into the
A
Deep palmar branch
16
Q
The ulnar artery terminates into
A
The superficial palmar arch
17
Q
What upper extremity artery is the predominate source of blood flow to the hand
A
Ulnar
18
Q
The superficial palmar arch includes
A
1) distal portion of the ulnar artery
2) branch of the radial artery
19
Q
The deep palmar arch includes
A
1) deep palmar branch of ulnar artery
2) distal portion of the radial artery
20
Q
Name the 4 visceral branches of the aortic arch
A
1) celiac artery
2) SMA
3) renal arteries
4) IMA
21
Q
What visceral branch supplies the stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, and spleen
A
Celiac artery
22
Q
Name the 3 branches of the celiac artery
A
1) left gastric artery
2) splenic artery
3) common hepatic artery
23
Q
What visceral branch supplies the small intestine, cecum, and part of colon
A
SMA
24
Q
This artery is located about 1 cm behind the celiac artery
A
SMA
25
What visceral branch supplies blood to the kidneys, suprarenal glands and ureter
Renal arteries
26
What visceral branch supplies the transverse, descending colon and part of rectum
IMA
27
This visceral branch arises from the abdominal aorta about 3-4 cm above bifurcation
IMA
28
What terminal branch of the aorta is the most distal carrying blood to the pelvis, abdominal wall and lower limbs
Common iliac arteries
29
The common iliac arteries divide into
1) internal iliac artery
2) external iliac artery
30
The internal iliac artery further divided into the
1) parietal branch
2) visceral branch
31
What is another name for the internal iliac artery
Hypogastric
32
What artery travels along the medial side of the psoas major muscle
External iliac artery
33
The external iliac artery passes underneath the inguinal ligament to become the
CFA
34
The common femoral artery (CFA) divides into
1) superficial femoral artery
2) deep femoral artery
35
What is another name for the superficial femoral artery
Femoral artery
36
What lower extremity artery runs the length of the thigh passing through an opening in the tendon of the adductor hiatus
SFA
37
What are 2 other names for the adductor hiatus
1) adductor canal
2) hunters canal
38
What lower extremity artery enters the popliteal fossa behind the knee
SFA
39
What is another name for the deep femoral artery
Profunda femoris
40
What lower extremity artery arises 5 cm from the inguinal ligament on the lateral side
Deep femoral artery
41
The _______ _______ is the termination of the SFA and beginning of the popliteal artery
Adductor hiatus
42
What artery is at an interval between the tibia and fibula
Popliteal artery
43
The popliteal artery divides into the
Anterior and posterior tibial arteries
44
What is the first branch off the distal popliteal artery
Anterior tibial (ATA)
45
At its lower end the ATA becomes the
dorsalis pedis artery DPA
46
The major branch of the DPA is
Deep plantar artery
47
What artery penetrates the sole of the foot as it unites with the lateral plantar artery to complete the plantar arch
DPA
48
What lower extremity artery extends obliquely down the posterior/medial side of the leg
Posterior tibial artery (PTA)
49
What is the largest branch of the PTA
Peroneal artery
50
__________ trunk is the short segment between the ATA branch and branches of the PTA and peroneal arteries
Tibioperoneal
51
What lower extremity artery passes toward the fibula traveling down the medial side of the bone to supply structures of the lateral side of the leg/foot
Peroneal artery
52
The ______ and ________ metatarsals distribute blood to the digits
Plantar, dorsal
53
_______ transport gases,nutrients, and other essential substances to the capillaries
Arteries
54
At the _______ level, nutrients and waste products are exchanged between the tissue and blood
Capillary
55
_______ are considered resistance vessels
Arterioles
56
__________ assist with regulating blood flow through contraction and relaxation
Arterioles
57
Name the 3 layers of the arterial wall from inner to outer
1) tunica intima
2) tunica media
3) tunica externa
58
The inner most layer of the arterial wall is the
Tunica intima
59
What layer of the arterial wall is thin, consisting of a surface layer of smooth endothelium, base membrane and connective tissue
Tunica intima
60
What layer of the arterial wall is thicker, composed of smoothe muscle and connective tissue largely the elastic type
Tunica media
61
What is the outer most layer of the arterial wall
Tunica externa
62
What is another name for the tunica externa
Adventitia
63
What layer of the arterial wall is somewhat thinner than the media, containing fibrous connective tissue and some muscle fibers
Tunica externa
64
The ______ layer contains vasa vasorum, tiny vessels that carry blood to the walls of the larger arteries
Adventitial
65
The dorsalis pedis is a continuation of which of the following arteries
A) ATA
B) PTA
C) Peroneal artery
D) popliteal artery
A) ATA
66
Which of the following vessels joins the brachial veins to form the axillary vein
A) subclavian vein
B) innominate vein
C) cephalic vein
D) basilic vein
D) basilic vein
67
The major function of the vasa vasorum is to
A) regulate vasodilation of the Arterioles
B) provide nourishment to the tunica adventitia
C) provide the major communication in AVFs
D) provide auto regulation of blood flow to the brain
B) provide nourishment to the tunica adventitia
68
At the inguinal ligament, the external iliac artery becomes what peripheral artery
A) internal iliac artery
B) profunda femoral artery
C) common femoral artery
D) superficial femoral artery
C) common femoral artery
69
Which of the following vessels courses along the medial aspect of the psoas muscle
A) internal iliac artery
B) external iliac artery
C) femoral artery
D) IMA
B) external iliac artery
70
Which of the following is not a branch of the subclavian artery
A) vertebral artery
B) thyrocervical trunk
C) internal mammary artery
D) brachial artery
D) brachial artery
71
The brachiocephalic vein is found
A) only on the right side of the neck
B) only on the left side of the neck
C) on both the right and left sides of the neck
D) there is no such vein
C) on both the right and left sides of the neck
72
The renal arteries arise from the abdominal aorta approx 1 cm below the
A) IMA
B) left gastric artery
C) celiac trunk
D) SMA
SMA
73
The right and left vertebral arteries originate from what artery
Subclavian
74
The ________ ________ artery also originates from the subclavian artery
Internal mammary
75
What are 2 other names for the metacarpal arteries
1) common palmar digital artery
2) dorsal metacarpal artery
76
In what plane is the celiac trunk best visualized sonographically
Transverse or longitudinal from an anterior approach
77
What artery arises as a terminal branch of the celiac trunk
Splenic artery
78
This artery follows a tortuous course along the posteriorsuperior margin of the pancreatic body and tail
Splenic artery
79
What is the best way to reveal the proximal portion of the splenic artery
Transverse from a midline approach
80
The distal most portion of the splenic artery can be visualized from a ______ ______ approach using the _______ as an acoustic window
Left lateral
Spleen
81
What artery runs a short distance to the right along the superior border of the pancreatic head before giving rise to the GDA
Common hepatic artery
82
What artery lies between the 1st portion of the duodenum and the anterior surface of the pancreatic head
Gastroduodenal artery (GDA)
83
After giving off the GDA the common hepatic artery turns superiorly toward the porta hepatis and gives off the ______ ______ artery
Right gastric
84
The common hepatic eventually becomes what artery
Proper hepatic artery
85
The proper hepatic artery terminates at the _____ _______
Porta hepatis
86
The hepatic arterial system can usually be well visualized from an ______ approach using the _______ as an acoustic window
Anterior
Liver
87
The common hepatic artery is seen on ______ views as it arises from the celiac trunk
Transverse
88
The proper hepatic artery can be identified on _________ views as it courses along the anteromedial aspect of the portal vein
Transverse oblique
89
Name the 2nd branch of the aortic arch
Left common carotid
90
What artery terminates at the carotid bifurcation
Left common carotid
91
Name the 3rd branch off the aortic arch
Left subclavian
92
Where does the left subclavian terminate at
Thoracic outlet
93
The ascending aorta arises from which ventricle
Left
94
Name the 2 branches of the ascending aorta
1) right coronary artery
2) left coronary artery
95
The ________ thoracic aorta extends downward from the aortic arch to just above the diaphragm
Descending
96
After the right renal artery branches off the aorta it courses under the
IVC
97
Name the 3 branches of the parietal abdominal aorta
1) inferior phrenic artery
2) lumbar arteries
3) middle sacral arteries
98
The common iliacs divide into the internal and external iliacs at the level of the ________ junction about ______ cm from their origin
Lumbosacral junction
5 cm
99
The internal iliacs are how many cm in length
3-4
100
The internal iliacs descend into the pelvis at the upper margin of the ________ _______ foramen
Greater sciatic
101
What artery arises from the external iliac
Inferior epigastric artery
102
What artery is just above the inguinal ligament supplying vessels to the abdomen muscles and skin
Inferior epigastric artery
103
What artery arises from the lateral aspect of the external iliac and supplies the abdominal muscles
Deep circumflex iliac artery
104
On the dorsum of the foot the DPA forms what 2 branches
1) first dorsal metatarsal
2) deep plantar arteries
105
What is the 2nd branch of the distal popliteal artery
Tibioperoneal trunk
106
What artery arises at the distal end of the Tibioperoneal trunk along with the posterior tibial artery
Peroneal artery
107
Capillaries are vessels of the _________
Micro circulation
108
How many microns in diameter are capillaries
8-10 microns
109
The capillaries flow quality is _______ with ______ flow velocity
Steady
Low
110
Capillaries have walls that consists of ________ cells
Endothelial
111
Arteries progressively _______ in size from ______ to ______
Decrease in size
Aorta to Arterioles
112
Arterioles help regulate blood flow by ________ and _______
Contracting and relaxing.
113
The function of an artery is to ________ ______
Transport blood
114
The tunica adventitia has a few smooth muscle fibers all arranged ________
Longitudinally
115
The tunica media controls vessel _________
Contraction
116
Which vessel does the axillary vein drain into
A) brachial
B) subclavian
C) cephalic
D) basilic
B) subclavian
117
Which vessel does the common anterior tibial vein drain into
A) femoral
B) tib-Peroneal trunk
C) popliteal
D) dorsalis pedis
C) popliteal
