Chapter 16 part 2

Question 1

Hospital acquired infections or conditions

Answer 1

nosocomial infections

Question 2

what % of hospital patients acquire some additional condition being in the hospital

Answer 2

5%

Question 3

8th leading cause of death in the US

Answer 3

nosocomial related

Question 4

infection after intervention with a physician or surgeon

ex: pneumonia after lung biopsy

Answer 4

iatrogenic

Question 5

compromised immune system

Answer 5

what makes a patient more susceptible to nosocomial infection

Question 6

medical personnel

patient flora

hospital environment

blood borne pathogens

Answer 6

nosocomial sources

Question 7

normal bacteria on and in body

relationship neutral until compromised

Answer 7

patient flora

Question 8

hospital instruments

fluids

food

air

medicatoins

mildew on walls

invasive procedures

Answer 8

fomites

Question 9

HBV (Hep B)

HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus)

Answer 9

blood borne pathogens

Question 10

how is HBV spread? (most likely)

Answer 10

accidental needle stick

Question 11

infects the immune system T4 blood cells

renders cells less effective in preventing disease

can lead to AIDS

Answer 11

HIV

Question 12

Acquired immunodificiency syndrome

Answer 12

AIDS

Question 13

foley catheter

endotracheal tube

Answer 13

invasive procedures

fomite..can acquire infection from it

Question 14

urinary tract infection

(UTI)

Answer 14

most common nosocomial infection

Question 15

mechaniccal

chemical

Answer 15

defenses to protect against infection

Question 16

both mechanical and chemical defense

Answer 16

skin

Question 17

skin physical barrier

Answer 17

mechanical defense of skin

Question 18

sebaccious glands

sweat glands

Answer 18

skin chemical defense

Question 19

mucous

Answer 19

chemical defense

Question 20

rich in lysosome

destroys bacterial wall

Answer 20

tears and urine

Question 21

phagocytes job

Answer 21

after infection has invaded body helps destroy

Question 22

drug to kill microbe with in the host

Answer 22

chemotherapy

Question 23

booster shots

Answer 23

immunizations

Question 24

inhibit growth

tetracycline

Answer 24

static

Question 25

kill and destroy penicillian

Answer 25

cidal

Question 26

induce active immunity make body produce anti-body

Answer 26

vaccines

Question 27

issue recommendations for infection control act internationally

Answer 27

World Health Organization WHO

Question 28

US Dept of Health and Human Services Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Answer 28

establish procedures

Question 29

Dept of Labor's Occupational Safety and Helath Admin OSHA

Answer 29

Enforce procedures

Question 30

freedom from infection

Answer 30

asepsis

Question 31

surgical medical

Answer 31

2 methods of asepsis

Question 32

prevent microbes before, during and after surgery using sterile technique

Answer 32

surgical asepsis

Question 33

killing all life forms if done properly with surgical asepsis infection is zero

Answer 33

sterilization

Question 34

reduction in number of infectious agents but not necessarily to zero

Answer 34

medical asepsis

Question 35

alters the environment for microbes may or may not remove bacterial endospores

Answer 35

disinfectant

Question 36

topical disinfectant

Answer 36

antiseptic

Question 37

stops bacterial growth

Answer 37

bacteriostatic agent

Question 38

kills bacteria

Answer 38

bacteriocidal agent ex: chlorine, iodine, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium, ethylene oxide

Question 39

chlorine iodine, betadine hydrogen 3% deep wounds ammonia ethylene oxide

Answer 39

bacteriocidal agents

Question 40

heat UV light

Answer 40

physical methods of sterilization

Question 41

most preferred more rapid used with pressure autoclave

Answer 41

heat sterilization

Question 42

moderate heat followed by rapid cooling

Answer 42

pasteurization

Question 43

260nm wave lenght

Answer 43

UV light

Question 44

more effective: moist or dry (heat) sterilization

Answer 44

moist

Question 45

mask gown gloves eyewear faceshields

Answer 45

health care worker barriers

Question 46

single most important way to prevent spread of infection

Answer 46

hand washing

Question 47

washing process

Answer 47

both physical and chemical

Question 48

bacterial soap helps take 7-8 min to remove transients easy ones kill off less than 7-8 min

Answer 48

handwashing stats

Question 49

when do you wash hands

Answer 49

before and after each patient

Question 50

what do you avoid

Answer 50

splashing

Question 51

how do you turn water on and off

Answer 51

use foot/knee pedals if available use towel to turn water off and on

Question 52

wash so water drips off hands

Answer 52

use gravity hands below elbows

Question 53

subungual

Answer 53

under finger nails

Question 54

procedure when in contact with patients body fluids

Answer 54

gloves

Question 55

use one handed scoop method place in sharps container

Answer 55

needle recapping

Question 56

use bleach solution or hospital grade disinfectant

Answer 56

bio spills

Question 57

patient wears mask when leaves room negative pressure iso room

Answer 57

airborne precautions

Question 58

organism remains suspended in air on aerosol drops or dust TB varicella(chickenpox) rubeola(measles)

Answer 58

airborne transmission

Question 59

can travel 3 feet before dropping to ground surgical mask worn

Answer 59

droplet precautions

Question 60

coughs or sneezes through mouth contact, nasal mucosa and conjunctiva of eye

Answer 60

droplet transmission

Question 61

virulent pathogen that spreads through contact with patient or and equipment remove gloves before leaving room

Answer 61

methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus MRSA

Question 62

impetigo hep A C-diff (clostridium difficile)

Answer 62

MRSA examples