Chapter 16 Quiz

Question 1

chemistry is the study of _____, _____,_____, and _____

Answer 1

matter
the matter’s composition
the matter’s properties
how the matter reacts with other matter

Question 2

matter is..

Answer 2

anything that has mass and volume

Question 3

all ___ is composed of atoms

Answer 3

matter, living or non-living

Question 4

short or abbreviated name of an element

Answer 4

chemical symbols

Question 5

What does silvers symbol derive from

Answer 5

argentum

Question 6

what is an atom

Answer 6

the smallest part of an element that retains the properties of the element

Question 7

_____ make up elements

Answer 7

atoms

Question 8

until _____ no one had ever seen at atom because there was not a microscope strong enough to see one

Answer 8

1981

Question 9

how long has the existence of atoms been known for

Answer 9

2000 years

Question 10

atoms have a _____ containing _____, and _____ that surround the _____ that contain _____

Answer 10

central nucleus
protons and neutrons
energy levels
nucleus
electrons

Question 11

what are protons neutrons and electrons sometimes referred to as

Answer 11

subatomic particles

Question 12

protons have a _____ charge

Answer 12

positive

Question 13

neutrons have a _____ charge

Answer 13

neutral

Question 14

electrons have a _____ charge

Answer 14

negative

Question 15

compare the sizes of protons, neutrons, and electrons

Answer 15

protons and neutrons are about the same size
electrons have 1800 times less mass

Question 16

what makes up protons and neutrons

Answer 16

quarks

Question 17

_____ are very small particles that compose protons and neutrons

Answer 17

quarks

Question 18

how many quarks are there

Answer 18

6

Question 19

what are the 6 quarks

Answer 19

up
down
bottom
top
charm
strange

Question 20

What is the unit used to measure the mass of an atom

Answer 20

amu - atomic mass unit

Question 21

the mass of a single proton or neutron is

Answer 21

about one amu

Question 22

the ___ of an element is the number of protons an element has in its nucleus

Answer 22

atomic number

Question 23

the ___ of an element is the sum of protons and neutrons an element has in it s nucleus

Answer 23

mass number

Question 24

mass number is also known as…

Answer 24

atomic mass number, atomic mass

Question 25

___ are atoms of the same element but different mass number

Answer 25

isotopes

Question 26

why do elements have isotopes

Answer 26

some elements of the same kind can have different numbers of neutrons in them

Question 27

the ___ of an element is the weighted average mass of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element based on natural abundances

Answer 27

average atomic mass

Question 28

what does periodic mean

Answer 28

repeated pattern

Question 29

When was the first periodic table created

Answer 29

late 1800's

Question 30

What was the original arrangement of the periodic table based on

Answer 30

atomic mass

Question 31

who created the original periodic table

Answer 31

a russian chemist named Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 32

The modern day periodic table of elements is arranged by increasing ___ not ___

Answer 32

atomic number atomic mass

Question 33

Who arranged the modern day periodic table

Answer 33

English scientist Henry G.J. Moseley

Question 34

When was the modern day periodic table arranged

Answer 34

1913

Question 35

elements on the periodic table are organized based on...

Answer 35

similarities in their physical and chemical properties

Question 36

What are periods

Answer 36

horizontal rows of elements on the periodic table numbered 1-7

Question 37

each element in a row has the same...

Answer 37

number of energy levels around its nucleus

Question 38

what are energy levels

Answer 38

shells

Question 39

vertical columns of elements on the periodic table numbered 1-18

Answer 39

groups

Question 40

which direction do groups go in

Answer 40

vertical

Question 41

groups are numbered __-__

Answer 41

1-18

Question 42

horizontal rows of elements on the periodic table numbered 1-7

Answer 42

periods

Question 43

which direction do periods go in

Answer 43

horozontal

Question 44

periods are numbered __-__

Answer 44

1-7

Question 45

groups are also called ___ because...

Answer 45

families elements in each column have similar properites

Question 46

every element in the same column has the same...

Answer 46

number of electrons in the atom's outermost energy lebel

Question 47

electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom are called

Answer 47

valence electrons

Question 48

the number of valence electrons an atom has determines...

Answer 48

the chemical properties of each element

Question 49

What is group 1?

Answer 49

alkali metals

Question 50

What is group 2?

Answer 50

Alkaline earth metals

Question 51

what are groups 3-12?

Answer 51

transition metals

Question 52

What is group 17?

Answer 52

halogens

Question 53

What is groups 18?

Answer 53

Noble gases, Inert gases, Rare gases

Question 54

Atoms are usually ___ because

Answer 54

neutral, they do not have an overall charge

Question 55

Where are electrons found

Answer 55

outside the nucleus in an area called the electron cloud

Question 56

How many electrons can the 1st shell hold

Answer 56

1-2(2)

Question 57

How many electrons can the 2nd shell hold

Answer 57

1-8 (8)

Question 58

How many electrons can the 3rd shell hold

Answer 58

1-8 18 (18)

Question 59

How many electrons can the 4th shell hold

Answer 59

1-8 18 32 (32)

Question 60

How many electrons can the 5th shell hold

Answer 60

1-8 18 32 (32)

Question 61

How many electrons can the 6th shell hold

Answer 61

1-8 18 32 (32)

Question 62

How many electrons can the 7th shell hold

Answer 62

1-8 18 32 (32)

Question 63

What are valence electrons

Answer 63

electrons found in the outer shell of an atom

Question 64

What does the roman numeral tell you

Answer 64

how many valence electrons an atom has

Question 65

What color is the symbol when the element is a gas at room temperature

Answer 65

red

Question 66

What color is the symbol when the element is a liquid at room temperature

Answer 66

blue

Question 67

What color is the symbol when the element is a solid at room temperature

Answer 67

black

Question 68

How many naturally occurring elements are there and what are the other elements called

Answer 68

90, synthetic

Question 69

What are elements that are man made in a lab called

Answer 69

synthetic

Question 70

can you find synthetic elements in nature

Answer 70

no

Question 71

can you find synthetic elements in nature

Answer 71

no

Question 72

What is an atom that doesn't have a charge clalled

Answer 72

a neutral atom

Question 73

What is a charged atom called

Answer 73

ion

Question 74

What makes an atom stable

Answer 74

its outer energy level is full of electrons

Question 75

do stable atoms react under noraml conditions

Answer 75

no

Question 76

all atoms want to be ___

Answer 76

stable

Question 77

which atoms are already stable

Answer 77

group 18 elements

Question 78

isotopes are atoms of the same element but contain ___

Answer 78

different numbers of neutrons

Question 79

What is a substance

Answer 79

a type of matter with a fixed composition

Question 80

___ and ___ are substances

Answer 80

elements and compounds

Question 81

all substances are built from ___

Answer 81

atoms

Question 82

what is an element

Answer 82

a group of like atoms bonded together

Question 83

elements are ___ that cannot be ___ or ___ by physical or chemical means

Answer 83

pure substances, separated, broken down into simpler substances

Question 84

how many naturally occuring elements are there

Answer 84

90

Question 85

how is the periodic table arranged

Answer 85

by atomic number

Question 86

elements that have similar characteristics are found in the same __ or what is called ___

Answer 86

column, group or family

Question 87

What is a compound

Answer 87

a substance with 2 or more different atoms bonded together in a fixed ratio

Question 88

example of compund

Answer 88

h20

Question 89

What is a molecule

Answer 89

2 or more atoms combined

Question 90

all compounds are ___ but not all ___ are compounds

Answer 90

molecules

Question 91

isotopes of different elements may have different __

Answer 91

properties