Chapter 16, Testing Testing Flashcards
1
Q
the term used to describe the evaluation of a condition
A
Assessment
2
Q
a description of the animal with information about the animal, including the species, breed, age, and sexual status (intact or neutered).
A
Signalment
3
Q
parameters taken from the animal to asses its health.
A
Vital signs
4
Q
an elevated body temperature
A
Febrile
5
Q
without feaver
A
Afebrile
6
Q
another medical term for fever other than febrile
A
Pyrexia
7
Q
a decreased body temperature is known as
A
Hypothermia
8
Q
this vital sign is the number of times the heart contracts and relaxed per minute.
A
Heart rate
9
Q
the number of respirations per minute is
A
Respiration rate
10
Q
an instrument used to measure blood pressure
A
Sphygmomanometer
11
Q
this instrument is used to listen to blood sounds during the measurement of blood pressure in animals
A
Doppler
12
Q
the act of listening, which usually involves the use a stethoscope to listen to body sounds.
A
Auscultation
13
Q
examination by feeling
A
Palpation
14
Q
examination by tapping the surface to determine density of a body area
A
Percussion
15
Q
an instrument used to enlarge the opening of a canal or cavity
A
Speculum
16
Q
withdrawing blood from a vein (usually with a needle and syringe)
A
Venipuncture
17
Q
clumping together of cells or particals
A
Agglutination
18
Q
assessment or test to determine the number of organisms, cells, or amount of a chemical substance found in a sample.
A
Assay
19
Q
diagnostic evaluation of blood to determine the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes per cubic millimeter of blood; abbreviated CBC
A
complete blood count
20
Q
diagnostic evaluation of the number of white blood cell types per cubic millimeter of blood
A
differential
21
Q
liquid used to make a dilution
A
diluent
22
Q
percentage of erythrocytes in blood; “to separate blood”; also called crit, PCV, or packed cell volume
A
hematocrit
23
Q
record of the findings in examination of blood especially with reference to the numbers , proportions, and morphology of the blood cells.
A
hemogram
24
Q
method of tagging antibodies with a luminating dye o detect antigen-antibody complexes
A
immunofluorescence
25
numeric and descriptive data in the WBC distribution used to identify a pathologic process
leukogram
26
group of laboratory test performed on serum; also called screen or panel; includes test that measure levels of glucose, liver enzymes, and kidney enzymes
profile
27
diagnostic evaluation of the number of seconds needed for thromboplastin to coagulate plasma
prothrombin time
28
laboratory technique in which a radioactively labeled substance is mixed with a blood specimen to determine the amount of a particular substance in the mixture; also called radioassay
radiommunoassay
29
number of erythrocytes per cubic millimeter of blood
red cell count
30
laboratory study of serum and the reactions of antigens and antibodies
serology
31
number of leukocytes per cubic millimeter of blood
white cell count
32
instrument used to measure solute concentration f serum, urine and other body fluids
refactometer
33
the determination of the cause of disease; to "know completely"; plural is diagnoses
diagnosis
34
is the determination of possible causes of diseases; a list of possible causes of disease
differential diagnosis
35
the prediction of the outcome of disease; to "know before."
prognosis
36
a characteristic of disease that can be observed by others
sign
37
a characteristic of disease that can be sensed only by the patient; incorrect term in veterinary medicine.
symptom
38
a set of signs that occur together
syndrome
39
having a short course with a sudden onset; implies severe
acute
40
having an excessively acute onset
peracute
41
having a long course with a progressive onset; persisting for a long time
chronic
42
partial or complete disappearance of disease signs
remission
43
the ongoing presence of disease in a group; also called enzootic if the disease is always present in an animal community.
endemic
44
the sudden and widespread outbreak of disease in a group; also called epizootic if the outbreak attacks many animals in a group
epidemic
45
disease outbreak occurring over a large geographic area; also called panzootic if the widespread outbreak affects many animals
pandemic
46
a machine that spins samples very rapidly to separate elements based on weight.
centrifuge
47
the property of a low pH, or high number of hydrogen ions
acid
48
the property of high pH, or low number of hydrogen ions
alkaline also called basic
49
a microorganism that produces disease
pathogen
50
a living organism of microscopic dimensions
microorganism
51
used to describe the ability of an organism to cause disease
virulence
52
deviation from normal
disease
53
disease that can be spread from one animal to another by direct or indirect contact
contagious
54
contagious disease also may be referred to as
communicable
55
disorder caused by physicians or veterinarians
iatrogenic disease
56
disorder of unknown cause
idiopathic disease
57
disorder caused by pathogenic orgamisms
infectious disease
58
disease that cannot be spread to another animal by contact or contact with a contaminated object
noncontagious disease
59
disorder not caused by organisms (examples: genetic, traumatic, and iatrogenic.)
noninfectious disease
60
disorder caused by pathogenic organisms contracted in a facility or clinic
nosocomial infection
61
a microscopic, prokaryotic unicellular organism; plural is bacteria
bacterium
62
grapelike cluster of spherical bacteria
staphylococci
63
spherical bacteria that form chains
streptococci
64
rod-shaped bacteria
bacilli
65
spiral shaped bacteria that are tightly coiled
spirochetes
66
a resistant, oval body formed in some bacteria
endspore
67
a small rod-shaped bacterium transmitted by lice, fleas, ticks, or mites.
ricketsia
68
a eukaryotic organism without chlorophyll; plural is fungi
fungus
69
a budding form of fungus
yeast
70
a filamentous form of fungi
mold
71
an organism that lives on or in another living organism
parasite
72
a small organism that is not visualized via microscopy; viruses live only by invading cells
virus
73
without signs of disease
asymptomatic
74
pertaining to, resulting from, or caused by a noninjurious route
atraumatic
75
animal that harbors an infectious agent without displaying clinical signs and who may transmit the infectious agent to others
carrier
76
visible, readily observed, pertaining to treatment
clinical
77
to catch a disease
contract
78
deviation from normal health
disease
79
study of relationships determining frequency and distribution of diseases
epidemiology
80
study of disease causes
etiology
81
more than normal
excessive
82
localized region
focus
83
common term for any pathogenic microorganism, but especially bacterial and viral organisms
germ
84
number of new cases of disease occurring during a given time
incidence
85
unstable
labile
86
causing death
lethal
87
afflicted with disease
morbid
88
ratio of diseased animals to well animals in a population
morbidity
89
near death
moribund
90
ratio of diseased animals that die to diseased animals
mortality
91
able to relieve but not cure a condition
palliative
92
extreme fear
phobia
93
number of cases of disease in a population at a certain time
prevalence
94
prevention
prophylaxis
95
condition occurring as a consequence of another condition
squela
96
without showing signs of disease
subclinical
97
lacking resistance
susceptible
98
enlarged by fluid retention
swollen
99
ability to transfer from on animal to the next
transmissible
100
spread of disease via blood or body fluids
bloodborne transmission
101
spread of disease via contact with reproductive areas or through copulation
sexual trasmission
102
spread of disease via respiratory droplets
airborne transmission
103
spread of disease via eating, drinking, of licking contaminated food, water, or objects
fecal-oral transmission
104
pertaining to, resulting from, or causing injury
traumatic
105
disease that can be transmitted between animals and humans
zoonosis
106
the visual examination of the interior of any cavity of the body by means of an endoscope
endoscopy
107
a procedure using an endoscope to aid in surgical procedures so that only very small incisions are made
endoscopic surgery
108
a sharp, needlelike instrument that has a cannual that is used to puncture the wall of a body cavity t withdraw fluids or gas
trocar
109
a hollow tube
cannual
110
the surgical puncture to remove fluid or gas for diagnostic purposes or for treatment
centesis
111
the procedure in which film is exposed as ionizing radiation passes through the patient and shows the internal body structures in profile
radiography
112
the record of ionizing radiation used to visualize internal body structures
radiograph
113
means appearing white or light gray on a radiograph
radiopaque
114
appearing black or dark gray on a radiograph
radiolucent
115
the study of internal body structures after exposure to ionizing radiation
radiology
116
abbreviation for kilovoltage peak and represents the strength of the x-ray beam
kVp
117
abbreviation for milliamperes per second and represents the number of x-ray beams (because it is based on time)
MAS
118
a plain radiograph made without the use of a contrast medium
scout film
119
a substance used to show structures on X-ray that are otherwise difficult to see
radiographic contrast medium, example - barium sulfate
120
a type of contrast radiograph used to visualize the structured of the lower gastrointestinal tract.
lower GI, an enema is used to introduce contrast material into the colon; therefore also called a barium enema
121
type of contrast radiograph used to visualize the structured of the upper gastrointestinal tract
upper GI, contrast material is swallowed; therefore is also called a barium swallow
122
a radiographic examination of the lymphatic vessels after injection of contrast material
lymphangiography
123
the bath of the X-ray beam
projection
124
the specified body positioning and the part of the body closest to the film
positioning
125
used in reference to positioning
recumbency
126
refers to the animal in its normal standing position
anatomical position
127
the procedure in which ionizing radiation with computer assistance passes through the patient and shows internal body structures in cross-sectional views
computed tomography also called CT scan or CAT scan
128
the procedure in which radio waves and a strong magnetic field pass through the patient and show the internal body structures in three-dimensional views
MRI- Magnetic resonance imaging
129
the procedure used to visually examine internal body structures in motion using radiation to project images on a fluorescent screen
fluroscopy
130
the imaging of internal body structures by recording echos of high frequency waves
ultrasound or ultrasonography
131
shows the internal body structures by recording echos of pulses of sound waves above the range of human hearing
sonogram
132
intensity of an ultrasound wave
amplitude
133
ultrasonic term for when waves are transmitted to deeper tissue and none are reflected back
anechoic
134
loss of intensity of the ultrasound beam as it travels through tissue
attenuation
135
ultrasound property of producing adequate levels of reflections when sound waves are returned to the transducer and displayed
echoic
136
number of cycles per unit of tim
frequency
137
tissue that reflects more sound back to the transducer than the surrounding tissues; appears bright
hyperechoic
138
tissue that reflects less sound back to the transducer than the surrounding tissue; appears dark
hypoechoic
139
tissue that has the same ultrasonic appearance as that of surrounding tissue
isoechoic
140
ability to separately identify different structures on radiograph or ultrasound
resolution
141
speed at which something travels through an object
velocity
142
length that a wave must travel in one cycle
wavelength
