chapter 17

Question 1

list the several types of therapists

Answer 1

1. clinical social worker
2. pastoral counsellor
3. clinical psychologist
4. counselling psychologist
5. psychiatrist
6. psychoanlyst
7. marriage and family therapist
8. general practitioner

Question 2

what are the two ways an individual be considered as?

Answer 2

• Patients (biomedical approach)
• Cleint (life and social problems)

Question 3

when is therapy effective?

Answer 3

dependant on therapeutic alliance

Question 4

what is the most prominent Psychynamic Therapy?

Answer 4

psychoanalysis

Question 5

Psychoanalysis

Answer 5

• Freudian ideas on exploring relationship between current symptoms and inner conflicts
• goal to establish intrapsychic harmony, release repression and gain insight into problems
• also called Insight Therapy

Question 6

what is Interpretation?

Answer 6

a question or comment made by the therapist after examining all of the information given by the client

Question 7

what is Catharsis?

Answer 7

release repressed material

Question 8

what is Resistance ?

Answer 8

inability or unwillingness to discuss certain ideas, desires, or experiences

Question 9

Transference

Answer 9

therapist becomes identified wit person wo has been associated with emotional conflicts

Question 10

Countertransference

Answer 10

when therapist projects feelings of likes or dislikes onto clients that resemble other’s in therapists life

Question 11

what are the Psychodynamic Thchnqiues ?

Answer 11

• free association
• resistance
• dream analysis
• trabnsfercne and countertransference

Question 12

what is Behaviour Therapies often used for?

Answer 12

used in treating fears, compulsions, depression, addictions, aggression, delinquency

Question 13

Counterconditoning is connected with what person?

Answer 13

Mary Cover Jones-“unlearning” fear

Question 14

what types of techniques does Behaviour therapy use?

Answer 14

systematic desensitization, implosion, flooding, and aversion therapy

Question 15

Systematic Desentisization

Answer 15

psychologically confronting the feared stimulus while being relaxed and doing so in a graduated sequence

Question 16

what are the 3 steps of Systemic Desensitization

Answer 16

1. identification of stimuli
2. progressive relaxation
3. imagined exposure to stimuli

Question 17

what is Flooding?

Answer 17

Intenive Exposure Therapy
being placed directly into a phobic situation

Question 18

what is Aversion Therapy

Answer 18

uses counterconditioning procedures to pair harmful stimuli that people are attracted to with strong noxious stimuli

Question 19

what are some Positive Reinforcement Strategies for Contingency Managment ?

Answer 19

• Positive Reinforcement Startegies : modifies frequency of desirable response as it replaces an undersiarbale response

Question 20

what are Extinction Startgeis for Contingency Management ?

Answer 20

withholding subtle positive reinforcements in the presence of undesirable behaviour

Question 21

how do some Cognitive Therapies try to change false beliefs ?

Answer 21

based on…
1. unreasonable attitudes
2. false premises
3. rigid rules or behaviour patterns

Question 22

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy

Answer 22

combines cognitive emphasis on changing false beliefs with behavioural focus on reinforcement contingencies

Question 23

what is the goal of Humanistic Therapies

Answer 23

self-actualization

Question 24

Human-Potential Movement

Answer 24

encompassed methods to enhance the potential of the average human being toward greater levels of performance and greater richness of experience

Question 25

Cognitive Therapy (BECK)

Answer 25

Challenge client’s basic assumptions (i.e., autonomic thought patterns), evaluate evidence for accuracy of thoughts, reattribute blame, discuss alternative solutions (used most often for depression)

Question 26

Rational-Emotive Therapy (ELLIS)

Answer 26

Transformation of irrational beliefs that cause undesirable behaviours & emotional reactions Identifying antecedents, behaviours, and consequences – ABCD Model (activating event, belief, consequences, and disputing)

Question 27

Client-Centred Therapy (ROGERS)

Answer 27

-Promotes the healthy psychological growth of the individual (nondirective) -Develop atmosphere of unconditional positive regard to process incongruence (use of empathy and genuiness

Question 28

Gestalt Therapy (PERIS)

Answer 28

-Focuses on ways to unite mind and body to make a person whole -Fosters self-awareness through empty-chair technique