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Atoc > Chapter 17 (PPT) > Flashcards

Chapter 17 (PPT) Flashcards

1
Q

Where do ‘Foehn’ Downslope Winds occur?

A

Alps

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2
Q

What is the temperature of ‘Foehn’ Winds?

A

Warm

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3
Q

Where do ‘Bora’ Downslope Winds Occur?

A

Adriatic Sea

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4
Q

What is the temperature of ‘Bora’ Winds?

A

Cold

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5
Q

Where do ‘Chinook’ Downslope Winds Occur?

A

Rocky Mountains

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6
Q

What is the temperature of chinook winds?

A

Warm

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7
Q

Where do ‘Santa Ana’ Downslope Winds occur?

A

Southern California

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8
Q

What is the temperature of ‘Santa Ana’ winds?

A

Warm

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9
Q

Where do ‘Katabatic’ Downslope winds occur?

A

Antarctica and Greenland

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10
Q

What is the temperature of ‘Katabatic’ winds?

A

Cold

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11
Q

what are the 5 Downslope winds?

A
  • Foehn
  • Bora
  • Chinook
  • Santa Ana
  • Katabatic
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12
Q

For foehn downslope winds, would the new airmass be colder or warmer than the one it replaced?

A

Will be warmer than the airmass replaced

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13
Q

For Bora downslope winds, would the new airmass be cooler, or warmer?

A

Will be cooler that the airmass replaced

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14
Q

What are Mountain Waves?

A

When a large scale weather patterns produce a strong, deep flow of air across the Rockies, The peaks act like Rocks in a stream bed.

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15
Q

Windward side?

A

Upwind side of mountain range

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16
Q

Leeward side?

A

Downwind side of a mountain range.

17
Q

Lee Waves?

A

A series of waves in the flow downstream from a mountain

18
Q

Are Lee waves visible?

A

No, they are invisible

19
Q

What types of clouds form in Lee Waves?

A

Lenticular Clouds. (Visible)

20
Q

The Hydraulic Jump?

A

Marks the transition from strong winds upstream of the jump to weaker surface winds downstream of the jump.

21
Q

What 3 factors determine the temperature of air in downslope windstorms?

A
  • Upstream Air
  • Latent Heat corresponding to amount of precipitation falling out of chinook cloud wall
  • Adiabatic Warming During Descent
22
Q

What 3 weather features are required for a chinook to form?

A
  • A stable layer (inversion) about 1-2 km above mountaintop
  • Strong Surface pressure gradient across mountains (From east to West)
  • Strong, Westerly winds at ~700mb (about mtn top)
23
Q

Lee trough?

A

An area of low pressure on the lee side of the mountains

24
Q

How does the sea level pressure change from west to east across colorado?

A

It decreases quite a bit

25
Q

How do the temperatures along the colorado front range compare to the temperatures further east?

A

Much Warmer

26
Q

Santa Ana Winds?

A

The name given to downslope windstorms in Southern California

27
Q

What weather conditions are required for Santa Ana winds to form?

A
  • Strong high pressure over great basin
  • Strong North-South pressure gradient over southern California
  • An inversion layer above mountaintop level may also be needed
28
Q

How do Santa Ana winds compare to chinook winds in colorado?

A

Winds are easterly, and also less extreme than chinook winds

29
Q

When do the strongest Santa Ana winds typically occur?

A

Late fall and winter (When grass/brush is quite dry)

30
Q

What hazards are associated with Santa Ana Winds?

A

Fires, and resultant smoke/pollution

31
Q

How often do Santa Ana winds occur?

A

!20 times per year, lasting 36 hrs on average.

32
Q

Katabatic Wind?

A

A cold, downslope wind that is the result of cold air flowing downslope under the force of gravity.

33
Q

How do Katabatic Winds Form?

A

Simply from having a dense pocket of cold air dorm ar high elevations, which spills over the edge and rushes towards the surface.

34
Q

How do Katabatic Winds Differ from the downslope windstorms discussed above?

A

There are largely a density effect, where as chinooks etc. are a dynamic, mountain wave effect.

35
Q

Where are katabatic winds most likely to occur?

A

Antarctica, Greenland and Patagonia

36
Q

What weather conditions are associated with strong katabatic winds?

A

Blowing snow, very cold and abrupt winds

Atoc (23 decks)

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