Chapter 18

Question 1

Ego integrity vs despair

Answer 1

Final stage of psychosocial development, in which people in late adulthood either achieve a sense of integrity of the self by accepting the lives they have lived, and thus accept death, or yield to despair that their lives cannot be relived

Question 2

Coping

Answer 2

Adaptive thinking or behavior aimed at reducing or relieving stress that arises from harmful, threatening, or challenging conditions

Question 3

Cognitive-appraisal model

Answer 3

Model of coping that holds that, on the basis of continuous appraisal of their relationship with the environment, people choose appropriate coping strategies that tax their normal resources

Question 4

Problem-focused coping

Answer 4

In the cognitive-appraisal model, coping strategy directed toward eliminating, managing, or improving a stressful situation

Question 5

Emotion-focused coping

Answer 5

In the cognitive-appraisal model, coping strategy directed toward managing the emotional response to a stressful situation so as to lessen its physical or psychological impact

Question 6

Disengagement theory

Answer 6

Theory of aging that holds that successful aging is characterized by mutual withdrawal of the older person and society

Question 7

Activity theory

Answer 7

Theory of aging that holds that to age successfully, a person must remain as active as possible

Question 8

Continuity theory

Answer 8

Theory of aging, that holds that in order to age successfully, people must maintain a balance of continuity and change in both the internal and external structures of their lives

Question 9

Selective optimization with compensation (SOC)

Answer 9

Enhancing overall cognitive functioning by using stronger abilities to compensate for those that have weakened

Question 10

Aging in place

Answer 10

Remaining in one’s own home, with or without assistance, in later life