Chapter 19

Question 1

What different groups emerged as a result of the repeal of the corn laws ? Why?

Answer 1

-Protectionist, Conservatives, Peelites, Whigs, Radicals and Irish MPs
-because they fundamental disagree over the corn laws and couldn’t feel they were represented by conservative

Question 2

How long did Russels government survive and what polices did they promote ?

Answer 2

Survived six years with support from the peelites and achieves the furtherance of free trade by the abolition of the navigation act in 1849
However they realised they had to leave protectionism and attract industry and commerce

Question 3

How long did Derby ministry progress towards democracy ?

Answer 3

By abolishing the property qualifications to stand as an MP an in theory opened the way for men of few means to stand for parliament

Question 4

What happened to government in 1859?

Answer 4

Various radicals and liberal groups came to an agreement to work together to achieve a stable government under Palmerstone who was the first proper liberal PM

Question 5

What significant reforms were promoted by Derbys administration ?

Answer 5

Second reforms act in 1867 which enfranchised most upper working class

Question 6

What was significant about the resignation of Disraeli in 1868?

Answer 6

That even with monarchy support parliament was increasing in power, symbolic recognition that the morden political system was in being

Question 7

Protections / conservative beliefs ?

Answer 7

-in favour of corn laws and split by repeal of corn law as it was going against landed interest
- against free trade and more agricultural interest

Question 8

Peelites beliefs ?

Answer 8

• free trader and national interest
• wealthy industrial and commercial background
  -more willing to work with Whig and reform but only to a certain extent

Question 9

Whigs profile ?

Answer 9

• belonged to aristocratic families
  -more fluid when it comes to their policy
• more liberal in terms of social reform and economically
  -house of lords
• generally supportive of non-conformist, yet also included there Roman Catholic peerage

Question 10

Radicals profile ?

Answer 10

• free thinking middle class individuals whom adopted the Bethamite doctorine of ultilairms
• opposed the political and economic dominance of the landowning classes and the privileged position of church
• extension of the franchise, removal of government restriction and free trade

Question 11

Irish MP profile ?

Answer 11

-influenced by Daniel O’ Conner
- wanted to repeal the Act of Union

Question 12

Similarities between these groupings ?

Answer 12

-free trade influence would become an agreement with Peelites and Radicals
- middle class wealth increase
-reforms accepted by radicals and whigs to a certain extent

Question 13

Difference between these grouping /

Answer 13

• protectionist against free trade and belief in agricultural intrest
• Whigs descendent from aristocratic families and peerage

Question 14

What was the sate of the monarchy during this century ?

Answer 14

• the representative government made the political system more democratic therefore weakening the political power of the monarch
  -British monarchy was unpopular, and member of the royal family were lampooned mercilessly in the press for their vulgarity, low morals and extravagance/stupdity
• monarchy was flourished under Queen Victoria rule who through her personal intregrity restored some of its dignity and popular appeal
• most business of government continued for the most part without royal interference
• queen Victoria clash with peel over political affiliation of her ladies of the bedchamber in 1839 raised the question of the boundaries of royal power

Question 15

What is meant by the term ‘who, who ministry?’

Answer 15

A sarcastic reference to lord Derby administration that only lasted months

Question 16

What is realignment ?

Answer 16

Shifting and charging of political parties and alliances

Question 17

What were the Navigation Act 1849

Answer 17

• abolished navigation act that only British ships could bring goods into London

Question 18

When did queen Victoria come to throne ?

Answer 18

1837

Question 19

What was the make up of the parliamentary liberalism in the 1850 ?

Answer 19

Largest element was the Whigs and moderate liberal who represented the traditonal social elite, majority came from landed classes

Question 20

What reforms had the radical advocated in the 1840’s ?

Answer 20

Reforms as the secrect ballot, elementary education temperance and taxation of land values

Question 21

Why did prime minister suffer regular defeats in the House of Commons despite having a large majority ?

Answer 21

A lack of effective whips that could help them

Question 22

What changes began to take place but the 1860s which resulted in the emergence of the professional politician ?

Answer 22

Undertook more legislation, lengthened the parliamentary years and insisted on more regular attendance
- national party organisation began to edge this gradually killed traditionalism, gentlemanly life of the MP and created a role for professionalism

Question 23

What factors led to the emergence of the liberal party ?

Answer 23

• increasing pursued similar aims
• better to unite into one political party and mount a stronger challenge against the conservative
• remove the minority conservative goverment led by lord derby
• significant because it clearly show it was only a matter of time before all six different parties united even the similar pattern of past coalition goverment suggest an opportunity for new political party emergence

Question 24

Potential areas of discords ?

Answer 24

-radical beliefs
- different areas of background e.g aristocratic, middle class
- religious blends
- no compunction to contest seat at elections enable MP to act independence

Question 25

What was the result of the 1868 general election ?

Answer 25

Liberal victory