Chapter 19 Blood Vessels

Question 1

Blood is carried in a close system of vessels that

Answer 1

begins and ends at the heart

Question 2

The three major types of vessels are

Answer 2

arteries, capillaries, and veins

Question 3

Arteries carry blood

Answer 3

away from the heart

Question 4

Veins carry blood

Answer 4

towards the heart

Question 5

Capillaries contact tissue cells and directly

Answer 5

serve cellular needs

Question 6

Arteries and veins are composed of three tunics-

Answer 6

tunica interna, tunica media, and tunica externa

Question 7

Generalized Structure of Blood Vessels

Answer 7

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Question 8

Tunica interna (tunica intima)

Answer 8

• Endothelial layer that lines the lumen of all vessels

* In vessels larger than 1 mm, a subendothelial connective tissue basement membrane is present

Question 9

Tunica media

Answer 9

• Smooth muscle and elastic fiber layer, regulated by the sympathetic nervous system
• Controls vasoconstriction/vasodilation of vessels

Question 10

Tunica Externa (tunica adventitia)

Answer 10

• Collagen fibers that protect and reinforce vessels

* Larger vessels contain vasa vasorum

Question 11

Blood Vessel Anatomy

Answer 11

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Question 12

Veins have much lower blood pressure and

Answer 12

thinner walls than arteries

Question 13

Systolic pressure

Answer 13

the pressure exerted on arterial walls during ventricular contraction

Question 14

Diastolic pressure

Answer 14

the lowest level of arterial pressure during a ventricular cycle

Question 15

Pulse pressure

Answer 15

the difference between systolic and diastolic

Question 16

Mean arterial pressure (MAP)

Answer 16

the pressure that propels the blood to the tissues

Question 17

MAP=

Answer 17

diastolic pressure + 1/3 pulse pressure

Question 18

Hypotension

Answer 18

low BP in which systolic pressure is below 100 mm Hg

Question 19

Hypertension

Answer 19

condition of sustained elevated arterial pressure of 140/90 or higher

Question 20

Differences between Arteries and Veins

Answer 20

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Question 21

Arteries

Answer 21

• Internal carotid *Thoracic aorta
• External carotid *Celiac trunk
• Common carotid *Superior mesenteric
• Brachiocephalic trunk *Inferior mesenteric
• Aortic arch *Gonadal
• Right subclavian *Common iliac artery
• Left subclavian *External iliac
• Axillary *Deep femoral
• Brachial *Femoral
• Radial *Popliteal
• Ulnar *Anterior tibial
• Posterior tibial

Question 22

Veins

Answer 22

• External jugular *Hepatic portal
• Internal jugular *Hepatic
• Vertebral *Superior mesenteric
• Left subclavian *Inferior vena cava
• Left brachiocephalic *Ulnar
• Superior vena cava *radial common iliac
• Axillary *External iliac
• Basicaliac *Femoral
• Splenic *Popliteal
• Median cubital *Anterior tibial
• Fibular (peroneal)

Question 23

Pulmonary Circulation

Answer 23

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Question 24

Systemic Circulation

Answer 24

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Question 25

Arteries

Answer 25

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Question 26

Arteries

Answer 26

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Question 27

Arteries of the Brain

Answer 27

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Question 28

Arteries

Answer 28

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Question 29

Arteries of the abdomen

Answer 29

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Question 30

Arteries of the abdomen

Answer 30

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Question 31

Arteries of the abdomen

Answer 31

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Question 32

Arteries of lower limbs

Answer 32

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Question 33

Veins

Answer 33

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Question 34

Veins of the Head

Answer 34

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Question 35

Veins of the Brain

Answer 35

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Question 36

Veins of the Upper Limbs and Thorax

Answer 36

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Question 37

Veins of the abdomen

Answer 37

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Question 38

Veins of the abdomen

Answer 38

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Question 39

Veins of the leg

Answer 39

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