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chapter 2 Flashcards

Body Structure, Color, and Oncology

1
Q

cell definition

A

basic unit of all life

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2
Q

basic unit of all life ?

A

cell

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3
Q

tissue definition

A

group of similar cells that perform a specific function

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4
Q

what word denotes a group of similar cells that perform a specific function?

A

tissue

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5
Q

organ definition

A

two or more kinds of tissues that together perform complex body function

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6
Q

what is the term that denotes two or more tissues working together to perform complex body functions

A

organ

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7
Q

definition of system

A

a group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions

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8
Q

what is a group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions

A

system

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9
Q

the shape of a chromosome and what they contain..

A

X and genes

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10
Q

what is cytoplasm

A

gel-like fluid inside the cell

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11
Q

cell membrane

A

boundary of a cell

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11
Q

the nucleus contains ___ that contains ___

A

chromosomes, genes

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12
Q

what are the 4 tissue types ?

A

muscle, nervous, epithelial, connective

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13
Q

role of muscle tissue

A

produces movement

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14
Q

role of epithelial tissue and where is it found

A

protection, secretion, absorption
found in the skin and lining of blood vessels

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14
Q

role of nervous tissue

A

conducts impulses to and from the brain

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15
Q

roles of connective tissue

A

connects, supports, penetrates, and encases various body structures

hammock

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16
Q

which tissue type produces movement ?

A

muscle tissue

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17
Q

which tissue type connects, supports, penetrates, and encases various body structures ?

A

connective tissue

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18
Q

which tissue type is found in the skin and lining of blood vessels ?

A

epithelial tissue

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19
Q

which tissue type conducts impulses to and from the brain ?

A

nervous tissue

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20
Q

46 in the human cells except for mature sex cell, which has 23… i am?

A

chromosome

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21
Q

how many chromosomes in human cells

A

46

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22
Q

how many chromosomes in a mature sex cell

A

23

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23
DNA -> _____ ->_____
genes, chromosome
24
_______ -> genes-> _______
DNA, chromosome
25
what are genes ?
regions within the chromosome (determine hereditary characteristics)
26
i am described as regions within the chromosome (determine hereditary characteristics).. i am ?
genes
27
DNA stands for
deoxyribonucleic acid
28
function of DNA
contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, survive and reproduce
29
components of the integumentary system?
hair, skin, nails, and glands
30
function of the integumentary system
It forms a protective covering over the body, regulates body temperature, and helps manufacture vitamin D
31
components of the respiratory system
pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), bronchial tubes, and lungs.
32
trachea is ?
windpipe
33
windpipe is
trachea
34
pharynx is
throat
35
throat is
pharynx
36
larynx is
voice box
37
voice box is
larynx
38
function of the respiratory system
performs respiration , exchange of CO2 and
39
what is respiration
exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body.
40
components of the urinary system
kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra
41
function of urinary system
removes waste material (urine) from the body, regulates fluid volume, and maintains electrolyte concentration
42
organs contained in the cranial cavity
brain
43
organs contained in the spinal cavity
spinal cord
44
organs contained in the thoracic cavity
heart, lungs, esophagus, trachea, bronchi and mediastinal area
45
organs contained in the abdominal cavity
stomach, intestines, kidneys, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, ureters
46
organs in the pelvic cavity
urinary bladder, certain reproductive organs, parts of the small and large intestine, rectum
47
aden/o
gland
48
cyt/o
cell
49
epitheli/o
epithelium
50
fibr/o
fibrous tissue, fibers
51
hist/o
tissue
52
kary/o
nucleus
53
lip/o
fat
54
my/o
muscle
55
neur/o
nerve
56
organ/o
organ
57
sarc/o
flesh, connective tissue
58
system/o
system
59
viscer/o
internal organs
60
cancer/o, carcin/o
cancer
61
eti/o
cause (of disease)
62
gon/o
seed, knee
63
iatr/o
treatment, medicine
64
lei/o
smooth
65
onc/o
tumor
66
path/o
disease
67
rhabd/o
rod-shaped, stiated
68
somat/o
body
69
chlor/o
green
70
chrom/o
color
71
cyan/o
blue
72
erythr/o
red
73
leuk/o
white
74
melan/o
black
75
xanth/o
yellow
76
dia-
through
77
dys-
difficult, painful, abnormal
78
hyper-
above, excessive
79
hypo-
below, incomplete, deficient
80
meta-
after, beyond, change
81
neo-
new
82
pro-
before
83
-al, -ic, -ous
pertaining to
84
-cyte
cell
85
-gen
substance that produces or causes
86
-genic
producing, originating, causing
87
-logist
specialist, one who studies or practices
88
-logy
study of
89
-megaly
enlarged
90
-oid
resembling
91
-oma
tumor, swelling
92
-osis
abnormal condition
93
-pathy
disease
94
-plasia
formation, development and growth
95
-plasm
growth, substance, formation
96
-sarcoma
malignant tumor
97
-sis
state of ; condition
98
-stasis
control, stop
99
apoptosis
death of cells
100
benign
a condition, tumor or growth that is not cancerous
101
biological therapy
A type of treatment that uses substances made from living organisms to treat disease
102
carcinoma in situ
a group of abnormal cells that have not spread from the location where they first formed
103
chemotherapy
Treatment that uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing
104
encapsulated
Confined to a specific, localized area and surrounded by a thin layer of tissue
105
exacerbation
the worsening of a disease or an increase in its symptoms
106
hospice
A program that gives special care to people who are near the end of life and have stopped treatment to cure or control their disease
107
idiopathic
disease of unknown cause
108
inflammation
body's response to injury or infection
109
in vitro
in glass
110
in vivo
within the living
111
malignant
Malignancy refers to the presence of cancerous cells that can spread to other sites in the body (metastasize) or to invade nearby (locally)
112
morbidity
the state of being symptomatic or unhealthy for a disease or condition
113
morality
number of deaths that occur in a population
114
palliative
specialized medical care that focuses on providing relief from pain and other symptoms of a serious illness
115
radiation therapy (XRT)
The use of high-energy radiation from x-rays, gamma rays, neutrons, protons, and other sources to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors.
116
remission
A decrease in or disappearance of signs and symptoms of cancer
117
CA
cancer
118
chemo
chemotherapy
119
Dx
diagnosis
120
mets
metabolic syndrome
121
Px
prognosis
122
RBC
red blood cells
123
XRT
radiation therapy
124
WBC
white blood cells

med terms (12 decks)

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