Chapter 2

Question 1

What is scientific method?

Answer 1

A logical approach to solving problems.

Question 2

What are the steps of scientific method?

Answer 2

1) Observing and collecting data
2) Formulating hypotheses
3) Testing hypotheses
4) Theorizing
5) Publishing

Question 3

Explain the first stage of scientific theory.

Answer 3

The first stage which is Observing and collecting data, we get data by experimenting.

Question 4

Explain the second stage of scientific theory.

Answer 4

The second step which is Formulating hypotheses, we make predictions.

Question 5

Explain the third stage of scientific theory.

Answer 5

The third stage which is Testing hypotheses, is putting the predictions which we made in the second stage to test, if the testing reveals that the predictions were not correct we go back to the second stage.

Question 6

Explain the fourth stage of scientific theory.

Answer 6

The fourth stage which is Theorizing, when experimental data confirms the hypotheses, scientists develop a model of the phenomena they are studying.

Question 7

Explain the Fifth stage of scientific theory.

Answer 7

The fifth and final stage of scientific theory which is Publishing, is revealing the phenomena with your work to the world.

Question 8

What is quantitative data?

Answer 8

Numerical data that we receive from experimenting.

Question 9

What is qualitative data?

Answer 9

Descriptive data that we receive from experimenting.

Question 10

Define Hypotheses.

Answer 10

Predictions | If-then statements.

Question 11

Define Theory.

Answer 11

A broad generalization that explains a body of facts or phenomena.

Question 12

When are Theories considered successful?

Answer 12

If it can predict the results of many new experiments.

Question 13

What is a measurement?

Answer 13

quantitative information.

Question 14

What is SI unit?

Answer 14

A scientifical measurement among scientists which is standards of measurement.

Question 15

What is the difference between Mass and Weight?

Answer 15

Weight is a measure of the gravitational pull on matter, Mass does not depend on gravity.

Question 16

What is the SI unit for Mass?

Answer 16

Kilogram.

Question 17

What is the SI unit for length?

Answer 17

Meter.

Question 18

What are Derived SI units?

Answer 18

Those quantities obtained by simple combination of the basic quantities. Obtained by a combination of the basic SI units.

Question 19

What is volume?

Answer 19

The amount of space occupied by an object.

Question 20

What is Liter?

Answer 20

A non-SI unit used for measuring the volumes of liquids and gases.

Question 21

What is Density?

Answer 21

How much mass fits in space.
* Density is a physical property, which is intensive.
* Density is inversely proportional to temperature.

Question 22

What is the difference between accuracy and precision?

Answer 22

Accuracy indicates close a measurement is to the accepted value.
Precision indicates how close two or more measurements are together.

Question 23

What are the factors cause errors (uncertainty) in measurements?

Answer 23

Human error
Instrumental error
Environmental error
Observational error

Question 24

Error in measurement is indicated by the number of _____________ in
the number

Answer 24

Significant figures.

Question 25

What should you remember when converting between decimal and scientific notation?

Answer 25

Always maintain the same number of significant figures.

Question 26

What are significant figures?

Answer 26

All non-zero digits and trapped zeros but exclude leading and trailing zeros.

Question 27

Significant figures rule: -All non-zero digits ______ count. -Leading Zeros ______ count. -Captive zeros ______ count -Trailing zeros _____ count, only if they contain a decimal.

Answer 27

-Do -Don't -Do -Do

Question 28

When are two quantities directly proportional?

Answer 28

Two quantities are directly proportional if dividing one by the other gives a constant value.

Question 29

The relation between two variables expressed as ____.

Answer 29

(𝒙𝜶𝒚).

Question 30

* Direct proportion equation:

Answer 30

x / y = k

Question 31

When are two quantities inversely proportional?

Answer 31

Two quantities are inversely proportional if an increase in one leads to a proportional decrease in the other, and vice versa.

Question 32

Can you give an example of inverse proportionality?

Answer 32

Speed and time are inversely proportional; as speed increases, time decreases proportionally.

Question 33

Inversely proportion Equation:

Answer 33

X=K/Y or XY=K slide 60