Chapter 2 Flashcards
What are reactants?
Substances before a chemical reaction
What are products?
Substances after chemical reactions
Steps to writing word equations
Identify the reactants and products, write a word equation
What are exothermic reactions?
Ones that release energy in the form of heat and light
What are endothermic reactions
Reactions that absorb energy
When does a combustion reaction occur
When something reacts with oxygen gas and burning or exploding as it reacts
What are highly combustible fuels called
Hydrocarbons
What is a complete combustion?
When sufficient oxygen is present
What is an incomplete combustion?
When the oxygen supply is limited
What are metal oxides?
When metals are burnt with oxygen
What is corrosion?
When a metal reacts to oxygen or water to form another substance
What do nuclear reactions do to the atom?
Converts a specific atom into a different one
What may happen to the nucleus during a nuclear reacton?
Emits high energy electromagnetic radiation
What is photosynthesis?
The reaction that allows plants to produce food
Where does photosynthesis take place?
The leaf
How does photosynthesis happen?
Carbon dioxide moves by diffusion into the stomata, water is carried from the roots to leaves and sunlight is captured by chloroplast
What is respiration?
How plants and animals gain energy
Where does the glucose and oxygen react?
Mitochondria
What is nuclear decay?
When the nucleus emits high energy electromagnetic radiation
What are isotopes?
Atoms with the same number of protons and electrons, but not the same neutrons
What do most isotopes contain?
A stable nuclei (not undergo nuclear decay)
What happens to the isotopes that do not have a stable nuclei?
Form other elements. Called radioisotopes
What are the 3 types of nuclear decay?
Alpha, Beta, Gamma
What is alpha decay?
When a heavy nucleus releases an alpha particle, i.e. 2 protons and 2 neutrons
