Chapter 2 (2.2)

Question 1

What are alveoli?

Answer 1

Alveoli are places where the exchange of gases takes place

Question 2

What does oxygen and haemoglobin make?

Answer 2

Oxyhaemoglobin

Question 3

What does carbon dioxide and haemoglobin make?

Answer 3

Carbohaemoglobin

Question 4

What does carbon monoxide and haemoglobin make?

Answer 4

Carbominohaemoglobin

Question 5

The concentration of _____ in _____ air in the alveolus in higher than that in blood. Consequently, oxygen from the alveolus can _____ _____ _____ _____through the walls of the walls of the alveolus and blood capillaries.

Red blood cells contain a dark red coloured compound known as _____. When red blood cells reach the alveolus, haemoglobin combines with the _____ that had diffused into the blood to form _____. Oxyhaemoglobin is an unstable compound that is bright red in colour.

Blood containing oxyhaemoglobin is carried from the _____ to the _____ and then is pumped to other parts of the body.

Upon reaching the body cells with low concentration of oxygen, oxyghaemoglobin (an unstable compound) breaks down into _____ and _____.

In the body cells, the diffused _____ oxidises _____ _____ into _____, _____ and _____ through the process of cellular respiration.

_____ _____ that is released by body cells diffuses into _____ _____ and is carried to the _____ and then removed together with exhaled air.

Answer 5

1.(a)oxygen
(b)inhaled
(c)diffuse into the blood

2.(a)haemoglobin
(b)oxygen
(c)oxyhaemoglobin

3.(a)lungs
(b)heart

4.(a)haemoglobin
(b)oxygen

5.(a)oxygen
(b)glucose molecules
(c)carbon dioxide
(d)water
(e)energy

2.(a)Carbon dioxide
(b)blood capillaries
(c)alveolus

Question 6

What does glucose and oxygen make?

Answer 6

-Carbon dioxide
-Water
-Energy

Question 7

State the structure of trachea and bronchus in the human lung.

Answer 7

-Has cilia and mucus trap dust particles and microorganisms in the air

Question 8

What are the adaptions of the alveoli for efficient gas exchange?

Answer 8

-Provide large surface area for the exchange of gases: The lungs contain millions of alveoli
-Have very thin walls (one cell thick): Facilitates and increases the rate of diffusion of gases across the walls of alveolus and blood capillaries
-Have moist walls: To allow respiratory gases to dissolve and diffuse into the blood capillaries
-Surrounded by network of blood capillaries

Question 9

The exchange gases takes place by _____.

Answer 9

Diffusion