Flashcards in Chapter 2 Deck (36)
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//
single line comment
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#__
preprocessor directives
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file contains code that allows C++ program to display output on screen and read input from keyboard; type of header file
iostream
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displays screen output; a stream object; consule output
cout
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used to organize names of program entities whose names are part of __ called __
namespace std
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marks beg of main fcn
int main()
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group of 1(+) prgrmming statements tht collectively has a name
function
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all statements that make up fcn are enclosed in ___
left and right braces {}
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"----", where --- is a group of characters
string literal or string constant
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marks end of complete statement
;
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sends an integer value zero back to operating sys upon prgrm's completion; indicates successful execution
return 0
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works w/ streams of data
stream object
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operator used to send messages to cout; stream insertion operator; item immediately to right will be sent
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sends output to beg of next line for subsequent printing
endl, a stream manipulator
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an alt way to do a newline
\n, an escape sequence
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storage location in comp's memory
variable
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constant value that are assigned to variables; piece of data written directly into prgm's code; common uses: 1) to assign a variable, 2) to display something on screen; aka constants
literal
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tells compiler variable's name and data type
variable definition
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1) evaluates right hand side to single rvalue 2) assigns rvalue to left hand side that must be an lvalue (able to receive a value) 3) returns that value to context it was initiated in
assignment operator
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prgmr-defined name that reps some element of a prgrm (eg: variable name); first character must be a-z, A-Z, or _; second can be all of the above and digits 0-9
identifier
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numeric data types
integer and floating point
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used to store individ characters, can only hold one character at time, can hold digits or letters; actually stored as integers (ASCII)
character
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enclosed in single quotation marks, take one byte of memory
character literals
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marks end of string, stored in last byte of memory of string literal
null terminator / null character
\0
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a string type variable that will accept a string literal
string object
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is held by data type that allows fractional values; stored in e notation
floating-point number
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single precision
float data type
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double precision; default for floating-point numbers
double data type
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larger than double
long double
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