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NCCPT Certification > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is exercise physiology ?

A

the study of the cellular functions in the human body before, during, and after exercise.

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2
Q

What is the most basic unit or life?

A

the cell

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3
Q

What are the three energy systems?

A
  1. ATP-Creatine-Phosphate system
  2. Glycolysis
  3. Aerobic Oxidation
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4
Q

Which energy systems are anaerobic? aerobic?

A

the ATP-CP-System and Glycolysis are considered anaerobic. the aerobic oxidations system is aerobic.

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5
Q

T/F ? The term anaerobic means oxygen is not required to function.

A

true

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6
Q

What are three examples of activities that primarily require use of the ATP-CP system: ?

A
  • weight lifting
  • sprints
  • tennis
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7
Q

What is Glycolysis? How long does it last?

A

The breakdown of carbohydrates to pyruvate or lactic acid to produce ATP. It lasts from 10 seconds to 3 minutes.

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8
Q

What is lactate threshold?

A

the accumulation or rise in lactate.

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9
Q

What is glucose? Where is it stored? What is it stored as?

A

blood sugar and is the main source of anaerobic ATP production. Glucose is stored in the muscles and liver. Glucose is stored as glycogen.

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10
Q

What is aerobic oxidation?

A

the aerobic pathway to produce ATP.

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11
Q

What part of the musculoskeletal system allows the human body to move?

A

skeletal muscle

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12
Q

What are the three types of connective tissue that encompass muscle?

A

epimysium (outer) perimysium (middle) endomysium (inner)

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13
Q

What is a myofibril ? What are the two myofibrilaments that compose a myofibril?

A

myofibril - the smallest unit of a muscle cell. Actin (thin) and Myosin (thick) filaments.

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14
Q

What are the two types of muscle fibers? explain the difference between the two: …

A

speed of contraction and force output

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15
Q

what muscle fiber type os predominantly involved in activities such as sprinting, power lifting, and the high jump?

A

type 2b

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16
Q

what is the “All or None Principle”?

A

when a myofiber is innervated by a nerve cell, the myofibrils contract totally or not at all.

17
Q

what are the three types of contractions? lis them in the order of strength from strongest to weakest:

A

eccentric, isometric, concentric

18
Q

what is concentric strength?

A

the amount of musculoskeletal force to overcome a resistance by a shortening of the muscle fibers.

19
Q

what is eccentric strength?

A

the amount of musculoskeletal force displayed when amuse is lengthened under tension.

20
Q

what is the function of blood?

A

blood delivers oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the body. Blood also retrieves waste products from the checks and carries them to be expelled or metabolized.

21
Q

what is periodicity?

A

the gradual cycling of specificity, intensity or volume of training to achieve a specific goal.

22
Q

what is the overload principle?

A

the attempt to challenge the musculoskeletal system with unaccustomed stimulation such as, but not limited to, increased weight, speed, or volume of training (number of sets or reps).

23
Q

what are the five major factors that effect training?

A

level of fitness, intensity, duration, frequency, genetics

24
Q

what is the difference between using free weights and selectorized equipment?

A
  • free weights can be used in several exercises, but not all; selectorized uses only select muscle groups.
  • free weights are functional, real life easy to transport; selectorized doesn’t require a spotter, safer, and easier to change resistance.
  • free weight require more technique; machines do not fit everyone and can limit ROM.
  • free weights usually require more stabilization than machines.
25
Q

What is ATP?

A

adenosine triphosphate

26
Q

what would afferent information be?

A

nerve impulses from receptors or sense organs toward the central nervous system.

27
Q

what is a motor unit?

A

a single a-motor neuron and all of the corresponding muscle fibers it innervates.

28
Q

what are the three types of muscle tissues?

A

skeletal, cardiac, and visceral

29
Q

what are the prime movers or agonists in a bicep curl?

A

biceps brachii, brachioradialis, and brachialis

30
Q

what would the training heart rate of 70% be for a 32 year-old female with a resting heart rate of 72?

A

220 - Age x % = THR = 131.6 or
220 - Age - RHR x % + RHR = THR = 153.2 or
220 - Age x % x 1.15 = THR = 151.34 (beats per minute)

31
Q

What are a few examples of signs of overtraining?

A

elevated resting heart, difficulty sleeping, fatigue, excessive weight-loss, excessive soreness.

32
Q

what time of the day are the highest levels of blood secretion levels of growth hormone released?

A

at night

NCCPT Certification (14 decks)

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