Chapter 2

Question 1

Cognitive meanings

Answer 1

Terms that convey information.

Question 2

Emotive meaning

Answer 2

Terminology that expresses or evokes feelings.

Question 3

A value claim

Answer 3

Claim that something is good, bad, right, wrong, better, worse, more important, or less important than some other thing.

Question 4

An Ambiguous expression

Answer 4

one that can be interpreted as having more than one clearly distinct meaning in a given context.

Question 5

Intensional meaning

Answer 5

the qualities, properties, characteristics or attributes that the term “connotes”.

Question 6

Extensional meaning

Answer 6

consists of the members of the class that the term denotes.
A collection of objects to which that term applies.

Question 7

Stipulative Definitions

Answer 7

Assigns meaning to a word for the first time. It is the adaptation of language.

Question 8

Lexical Definitions

Answer 8

A definition used to report the meaning that a word already has in a language. It is the standard definition of a word.

Question 9

Criteria for a Lexical Definition

Answer 9

• should conform to the standards of proper grammar
• convey the essential meaning of the word being defined
• Should be neither too broad or too narrow
• Should avoid circularity
• Should not be negative when it can be affirmative
• Should avoid affective terminology (emotive language)
• indicate the context to which the definiens pertains.

Question 10

Precising Definitions

Answer 10

Intends to give more precision to an otherwise ambiguous term.

Question 11

Theoretical Definition

Answer 11

Terms defined within the context of a theory, and which its definition is made to fit a theory.

Question 12

Persuasive Definition

Answer 12

Intended to get you to feel a certain way about the term.

Question 13

Demonstrative (Ostensive)

Answer 13

When one is defined through non-verbal reference to an object.

Question 14

Enumerative

Answer 14

Listing of objects in the class of which is to be defined.

Question 15

Subclass

Answer 15

To point off subclasses of a term.

Question 16

Etymological

Answer 16

Defined by the use of other words in a different language.

Question 17

Operational

Answer 17

Defining a term by giving an operation that gives meaning to a word.

Question 18

Genus and Difference

Answer 18

Defining what is the differing factor of the object.

Question 19

Synonymous

Answer 19

listing words with equivalent qualities, properties, characteristics and attributes.