Chapter 2

Question 1

How can the environment in which a project operated be summarized?

Answer 1

5C’s

Context
Complexity
Completeness
Competitiveness
Customer focus

pp. 51

Question 2

Key issues when developing the project:

Answer 2

Assessment of process and outcome of project, evaluation, change for the future

pp. 58-61

Question 3

Project Complexities can be identifies as:

Answer 3

7S:

Stratergy
Structure
Systems
Staff
Skills
Style/culture
Stakeholders

pp 68-71

Question 4

Project context can be described by:

Answer 4

PESTEL

Political influence
Economic
Social
Technical
Environmental
Legal

pp. 52-53

● Political influence – in government organisations this may be Political (capital P), where, for instance, a change in policy or the party in power, may have significant ramifications for what government does, what it funds and, just as importantly, what it decides not to continue funding.
● Economic – the influence of general and local
conomics. For instance, during a period of economic ‘boom’, there may be challenges recruiting staff or
obtaining contractors to even bid for work. During economic ‘bust’ times, the picture changes radically.
● Social – the influence of social changes on the project environment, for instance on methods of communication, needs consideration.Technical – changes in technology will challenge the viability of some projects and create the need for others, in addition to determining the way in which those projects are delivered.
● Environmental – an assessment of environmental impact is mandated for many projects now as part of an emerging interest in corporate social responsibility.
● Legal – from the regulations affecting intellectual property to the requirements of major pieces of anti-trust (US) or government procurement (EU) legislation, legal pressures place an ever-increasing bureaucratic load on most aspects of economic activity.

Question 5

What are the key issues in designing the project?

Answer 5

Modelling and planning, estimation, resource analysis, conflict resolutions and justification

Question 6

What are the four steps in the project process?

Answer 6

Define it
Design it
Do it
Develop it

Question 7

What are the key issues in defining the project?

Answer 7

Project and organisation strategy, goal definitions

Question 8

What are the key issues when doing the project?

Answer 8

Organisation, control, leadership, decision-making and problem-solving