Chapter 2- BIOMECHANICS OF RESISTANCE EXERCISE

Question 1

Which of the following is the definition of power?
A. Mass x accerleration
B. Force x distance
C. Force x velocity
D. Torque x time

Answer 1

C. FOrce x velocity

Question 2

To compare performances of OLY weight lifters of different body weights, the classic formula divides the load lifted by the athletes?
A. Body weight
B. Body weight squared
C. Lean body weight
D. Body weight to the two-thirds power

Answer 2

D. Body weight to the two-thirds power

Question 3

During a free weight exercise, muscle force varies with which of the following?

Answer 3

Perpendicular distance from the weight to the body joint

Movement acceleration

Question 4

A vertical jump involves knee, hip, and shoulder movement primarily in which of the following anatomical plane?
A. Sagittal
B. Perpendicular 
C. Frontal
D. Transverse

Answer 4

A.Sagittal

Question 5

An athlete is performing a concentric isokinetic elbow flex ion and extension exercise. Which of the following types of levers occur at the elbow during this exercise?
I.first class
II. Second class
III. Third class

Answer 5

First and third class

Question 6

____ focuses on the mechanisms through which the musculoskeletal components interact to create movement.

Answer 6

Biomechanics

Question 7

The muscle most directly involved in bringing about a movement is called the prime mover or _____
A. Antagonist
B. Agonist

Answer 7

B.Agonist

Question 8

The muscle that can slow down or stop the movement is called the___
A. Agonist
B. Antagonist

Answer 8

B.Antagonist

Question 9

During throwing, the triceps act as an ____, extending the elbow to accelerate the ball. As the elbow reaches full extension, the biceps acts as an ____ to slow down elbow extension and bring it to a stop.
A. Antagonist, agonist
B. Agonist, antagonist

Answer 9

B. Agonist, antagonist

Question 10

A muscle called a ____ when it assist indirectly in a movement

Answer 10

Synergistic

Question 11

A lever for which the muscle force and resistive force act on opposite sides of the fulcrum

Answer 11

FIrst class lever

Question 12

The pivot point of a lever

Answer 12

Fulcrum

Question 13

A rigid or semirigid body that, when subjected to a force whose line of action does not pass through its pivot point

Answer 13

Lever

Question 14

The ratio of the moment arm through which an applied force acts to that through which a resistive force acts

Answer 14

Mechanical advantage

Question 15

The perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the fulcrum.

Answer 15

Moment arm

Question 16

Force generated by biochemical activity, or Te stretching of no contractile tissue, that tends to draw the opposite ends of a muscle towards each other

Answer 16

Muscle force

Question 17

Force generated by a source external to the body that acts contrary to muscle force

Answer 17

Resistive force

Question 18

A lever for which the muscle force and resistive force act on the same side of the fulcrum, with the muscle force acting through a moment arm longer than that through which the resistive force acts

Answer 18

Second class lever

Question 19

A lever for which the muscle force and resistive force act on the same side of the fulcrum

Answer 19

Third class lever

Question 20

The degree to which a force tends to rotate an object about a specific fulcrum

Answer 20

Torque

Question 21

Most of the skeletal muscles operate at a considerable mechanical ______ due to the lever arrangement within the body and relative to the external forces the body resist.

Answer 21

Disadvantage

Question 22

When the body is erect, the arms are down at the sides, and the palms face forward?

Answer 22

Anatomical position

Question 23

Plane of the Bicep curl?

Answer 23

Sagittal

Question 24

Plane of the standing lateral dumbbell raise?

Answer 24

Frontal plane

Question 25

Plane of the dumbbell fly

Answer 25

Transverse plane

Question 26

____ is the ability to exert force.

Answer 26

Strength

Question 27

The change is velocity per unit time

Answer 27

Acceleration

Question 28

Acceleration is associated with resistive force according to Isaac Newton's second law:

Answer 28

Force= Mass x Acceleration

Question 29

Time rate of doing work

Answer 29

Power

Question 30

The product of the force exerted on an object and the distance the object moves in the direction the force is exerted

Answer 30

Work

Question 31

Force x Displacement

Answer 31

Work

Question 32

Work/time

Answer 32

Power

Question 33

The angle through which an object rotates is called..

Answer 33

Angular displacement

Question 34

The objects rotational speed measured in radians per second

Answer 34

Angular velocity

Question 35

Work= Torque x angular displacement

Answer 35

Rotational Work

Question 36

The capacity to exert force at any given velocity, and power is the mathematical product of force and velocity at whatever speed?

Answer 36

Strength

Question 37

Neural control affects the maximal force output of a muscle by determining which and how many motor units are involved in muscle contraction

Answer 37

Recruitment

Question 38

The rate at which the motor units are fired?

Answer 38

Rate coding

Question 39

___ muscle has fibers that align obliquely with the tendon, creating a featherlike arrangement.

Answer 39

Pennate

Question 40

The angle between the muscle fibers and an imaginary line between the muscle's origin and insertion.

Answer 40

Angle of pennation

Question 41

When a muscle is at its resting length, the ____ and ____ filaments lie next to each other, so that maximal number of potential cross ridge sites are available. The muscle can generate the greatest force at its resting length.

Answer 41

Actin and myosin

Question 42

When the muscle shortens because the contractile force is greater than the resistive force

Answer 42

Concentric muscle action

Question 43

When the muscle lengthens because the contractile force is less than the resistive force.

Answer 43

Eccentric muscle action

Question 44

WHen the muscle length does not change because the contractile force is equal to the resistive force.

Answer 44

Isometric muscle action

Question 45

Advantages of the stack machines

Answer 45

1. safety 2. Design flexibility 3. Ease of use

Question 46

Advantages of free weights

Answer 46

1. Whole body training | 2. simmulation of real-life activities

Question 47

_____ force can act in any direction.

Answer 47

Inertial

Question 48

The resistive force encountered when one attempts to move an object while it is pressed against another object.

Answer 48

Friction

Question 49

The resistive force encountered by an object by moving through a fluid, or by a fluid moving past or around and object or through and opening

Answer 49

Fluid resistance

Question 50

Two sources of fluid resistance are?

Answer 50

Surface drag

Question 51

Toward the anterior

Answer 51

Ventral

Question 52

Toward the posterior

Answer 52

Dorsal

Question 53

The glottis is closed, thus keeping air form escaping the lungs, and the muscles of the abdomen and rib cage contract, creating rigid compartments of liquid in the lower torso.

Answer 53

Valsalva maneuver