Chapter 2: Computers and Their Business Application

Question 1

Computer

Answer 1

Machine that accepts data as input, processes data with programmed instructions, gives an output. What we use in University LOL

Question 2

Computer Languages

Answer 2

Program instructions that tell a computer what to do

Question 3

GIGO

Answer 3

Garbage in = Garbage out
Wrong or incorrect data = wrong information outputted

Question 4

Computer Languages (5) with some examples

Answer 4

Machine: Binary 0s and 1s
Assembly
High Level: C, C+, Java, Python
Fourth Generation: Structured Query Language
Fifth Generation: Brain computing, visual and graphical programming etc iron man

Question 5

Hardware Components - Physical Devices

Answer 5

Keyboards, monitors, processing units

Question 6

Central Processing Unit (CPU)
single or multi

Answer 6

retrieves and executes instructions. The CPU is essentially the brain of the system

Question 7

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

Answer 7

Arithmetic operations, comparison, binary codes

Question 8

Control Unit

Answer 8

tells computer what to do or read or perform

Question 9

RAM: Random Access Memory (Main Memory)

Answer 9

store data and information, program loads, volatile <- content lost when powered off

Question 10

ROM: Read Only Memory (Secondary Memory)

Answer 10

Nonvolatile, start and shut down computer, archival storage

Question 11

PROM and EPROM

Answer 11

Programmable Read Only Memory
Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

Question 12

Cache RAM

Answer 12

stores recently accessed memory

Question 13

Secondary memory: Magnetic Disks:

Answer 13

random-access processing

Question 14

Secondary memory: Magnetic Tape:

Answer 14

Stores data sequentially

Question 15

Secondary memory: Optical Discs

Answer 15

laser beams to access store and data etc DVD

Question 16

Cloud Storage

Answer 16

online storage and back up

Question 17

Other Secondary Memory Components

Answer 17

Hard Disk, Flash Drive, Secure Digital Card, Solid State Drive

Question 18

RAID: Redundant Independent Disks

Answer 18

used to keep programs from failing, makes copy of data and if one fails it restores a back up

Question 19

Storage Area Network (SAN)

Answer 19

high speed network consisting of hardware and software to manage shared storage accessible to all servers

Question 20

Network Attached Storage (large server)

Answer 20

Network- connected computer - provided file based data storage services to other network devices

Question 21

Input devices and examples

Answer 21

send data and information to computer etc keyboard, mouse, touch screen, barcode reader

Question 22

Output devices

Answer 22

monitor (soft copy), printer (hard copy)

Question 23

Bus
Parallel
Internal
External

Answer 23

link between devices connect to the computer
connect computer to printer
connect to video card/memory
connect to usb

Question 24

CPU Case

Answer 24

contains main components

Question 25

Motherboard

Answer 25

main circuit board memory, connectors, cpu, storage

Question 26

Computer Components Software (2)

Answer 26

run computer system application system

Question 27

Server and types

Answer 27

computer and software for managing network resources and offer service etc storage, applications web, file, mail, database

Question 28

Application Software

Answer 28

commercial or in house developed, performs variety of tasks on a personal computer etc Microsoft Office Applications

Question 29

operating system software (2)

Answer 29

interface between computer and user control and manage hardware and software

Question 30

Operating system controls (4)

Answer 30

job management, resource allocation, data management, communication

Question 31

Buying Computer Qualities (5)

Answer 31

Speed, Accuracy, Arithmetic, logical, Storage and Retrieval

Question 32

Speed and CPU measure and what are increments

Answer 32

KHz (Milli), MHz (Micro), GHz (Nano), THz (Picro) - increments of 1000x

Question 33

Accuracy

Answer 33

avoid mistakes and calculations etc 0.00089 is not 0.00090

Question 34

Storage and Retrieval how many bits in a byte

Answer 34

saving data and accessing data from memory 8 bits in a byte

Question 35

Review Diagrams